{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T21:13:58Z","timestamp":1787778838126,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":92,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,25]],"date-time":"2020-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606262400000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Area from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan","award":["16H06464"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16H06464"]}]},{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Area from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan","award":["16H06471"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16H06471"]}]},{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Area from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan","award":["16H21727 to T.Ki."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16H21727 to T.Ki."]}]},{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Innovative Area from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan","award":["19H04873"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19H04873"]}]},{"name":"Grant-in-Aid for Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Fellows","award":["16J02580"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16J02580"]}]},{"name":"Young Scientists","award":["17K15210"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17K15210"]}]},{"name":"JSPS; Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Advanced Low Carbon Technology Research and Development Program","award":["JPMJAL1510"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JPMJAL1510"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In angiosperms, endosperm development comprises a series of developmental transitions controlled by genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that are initiated after double fertilization. Polycomb repressive complex 2 (PRC2) is a key component of these mechanisms that mediate histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3); the action of PRC2 is well described in Arabidopsis thaliana but remains uncertain in cereals. In this study, we demonstrate that mutation of the rice (Oryza sativa) gene EMBRYONIC FLOWER2a (OsEMF2a), encoding a zinc-finger containing component of PRC2, causes an autonomous endosperm phenotype involving proliferation of the central cell nuclei with separate cytoplasmic domains, even in the absence of fertilization. Detailed cytological and transcriptomic analyses revealed that the autonomous endosperm can produce storage compounds, starch granules, and protein bodies specific to the endosperm. These events have not been reported in Arabidopsis. After fertilization, we observed an abnormally delayed developmental transition in the endosperm. Transcriptome and H3K27me3 ChIP-seq analyses using endosperm from the emf2a mutant identified downstream targets of PRC2. These included &amp;gt;100 transcription factor genes such as type-I MADS-box genes, which are likely required for endosperm development. Our results demonstrate that OsEMF2a-containing PRC2 controls endosperm developmental programs before and after fertilization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koaa006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,1]],"date-time":"2021-01-01T04:13:05Z","timestamp":1609474385000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Mutation of the imprinted gene<i>OsEMF2a<\/i>induces autonomous endosperm development and delayed cellularization in rice"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3530-5846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kaoru","family":"Tonosaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maioka, Totsuka, Yokohama, Kanagawa 244-0813, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Plant Biology and Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA"},{"name":"Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, 3-18-8 Ueda, Morioka, Iwate 020-8550, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7570-772X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akemi","family":"Ono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maioka, Totsuka, Yokohama, Kanagawa 244-0813, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3850-3837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megumi","family":"Kunisada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maioka, Totsuka, Yokohama, Kanagawa 244-0813, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9206-4102","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Megumi","family":"Nishino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maioka, Totsuka, Yokohama, Kanagawa 244-0813, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3470-6066","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroki","family":"Nagata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kihara Institute for Biological Research, Yokohama City University, 641-12 Maioka, Totsuka, Yokohama, Kanagawa 244-0813, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6019-1732","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shingo","family":"Sakamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 6, Higashi 1-1-1, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8562, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1080-6289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Saku 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Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0751-6611","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yutaka","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetic Strains Research Center, National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2700-4119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaru","family":"Ohme-Takagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama 338-8570, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9199-181X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Masaki","family":"Endo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Applied Genetics, Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization, 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