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Most cloned plant Resistance (R) genes encode NLR immune receptors. NLR genes are often found in clusters of paralogs with sequence and copy number variation; whether these NLR clusters evolve in response to single or multiple pathogens has been unclear. We report here the isolation of a Phytophthora capsici resistance gene, Rpc2, along with a novel P. infestans resistance gene, Rpi-amr5, from 2 Solanum americanum accessions. These orthologous genes reside in the Rpi-amr1 cluster, which has previously been associated with resistance to P. infestans. By screening RXLR effector libraries of P. infestans and P. capsici, we identified multiple effectors recognized by both NLRs. Our findings highlight the complexity of NLR clusters and evolution driven by interactions with multiple pathogens. This work will underpin efforts to elevate resistance against Phytophthora pathogens and enhances our understanding of NLR evolution.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koag264","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,5]],"date-time":"2026-09-05T15:43:53Z","timestamp":1788623033000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Diverse haplotypes at a complex\n                    <i>Solanum americanum<\/i>\n                    locus confer resistance to\n                    <i>Phytophthora infestans<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>P. capsici<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"38","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-9520-5787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Heal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park , Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8309-541X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea Carolina","family":"Olave-Achury","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park , Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park , Norwich NR4 7UZ ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0198-7145","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Sindalovskaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park , Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"John Innes Centre, Norwich Research Park , Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH ,","place":["United 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Park , Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Diversity and Innovative Utilization, Department of Agri-Microbiomics and Biotechnology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100101 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Long","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park , Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3893-7352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hari Sharan","family":"Karki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park , Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4230-2501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jodie","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park , Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-0544-4459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aleksandra","family":"Wawryk-Khamdavong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park , Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-1569-4526","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kinga","family":"Bachowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sainsbury 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University , Seoul 08826 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Global Plant Immunity Research Center, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]},{"name":"Plant Health Center, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826 ,","place":["Republic of Korea"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0659-5562","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kamil","family":"Witek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park , Colney Lane, Norwich NR4 7UH ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"2Blades , Evanston, IL 60201 ,","place":["United 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