{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T19:18:57Z","timestamp":1791487137182,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":0,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791417600000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Organelle retrograde signaling studies have exclusively relied on bulk tissues, obscuring cell-type specificity, spatial organization, and heterogeneity within cell types. Here, we use single-nucleus and spatial RNA sequencing to define the cellular and spatial architecture of mitochondrial stress signaling in Arabidopsis thaliana. Inhibition of the mitochondrial electron transport chain by antimycin A and myxothiazol rapidly redistributed nuclei among transcriptional states within epidermal, leaf pavement, and mesophyll lineages, revealing that mitochondrial dysfunction reshapes cell identity trajectories rather than eliciting a uniform response. Stress-associated clusters were already present at low frequency in untreated samples, but the numbers of cells increased following stress treatments, suggesting that stress increases the proportion of nuclei occupying pre-existing transcriptional states. Gene-level analyses revealed distinct temporal dynamics and variable cell-state penetrance of mitochondrial stress markers and identified broadly responsive genes absent from earlier marker sets. Spatial transcriptomics resolved tissue-scale responses, spanning from pan-tissue induction to cell-type- and cluster-restricted activation, and uncovered pronounced adaxial\u2013abaxial polarity in gene expression. Cell identity and spatial inferences were supported by extensive experimental validation using a custom 465-probe 10x Xenium panel and 52 promoter-GFP reporter lines. Together, these data provide a high-resolution framework for organelle-to-nucleus signaling and a resource of cell-type markers and spatial maps to dissect mitochondrial stress signaling and its integration with developmental and environmental pathways.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koag308","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T11:56:13Z","timestamp":1791374173000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Spatial and Single-Nucleus Transcriptomic Profiling Reveal Polarity and Intracellular Responses to Mitochondrial Dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8860-2692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanqiao","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University , Haining, Zhejiang 314400 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0216-0371","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Minxuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University , Haining, Zhejiang 314400 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-9661-968X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jia Hao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University , Haining, Zhejiang 314400 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7554-2555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rijad","family":"Sari\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, AgriBio, La Trobe University , Bundoora, VIC 3086 ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Protected Cropping, La Trobe University , Bundoora, VIC 3086 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-3087-2459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feiran","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LC-Bio Technology (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd. , Hangzhou, 310000 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-6008-7229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinxin","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LC-Bio Technology (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd. , Hangzhou, 310000 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-6011-5872","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiachao","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LC-Bio Technology (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd. , Hangzhou, 310000 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8865-8715","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhua","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LC-Bio Technology (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd. , Hangzhou, 310000 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-3537-5836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LC-Bio Technology (Hangzhou) Co., Ltd. , Hangzhou, 310000 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6890-5672","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huixia","family":"Shou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University , Haining, Zhejiang 314400 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5629-0682","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ghazanfar Abbas","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Life and Environmental Sciences & Centre for Sustainable Bioproducts, Deakin University , Waurn Ponds, VIC 3216 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2631-4337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mathew G","family":"Lewsey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, AgriBio, La Trobe University , Bundoora, VIC 3086 ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Australian Research Council Industrial Transformation Research Hub for Protected Cropping, La Trobe University , Bundoora, VIC 3086 ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"La Trobe Institute for Molecular Sciences, La Trobe University , Bundoora, VIC 3086 ,","place":["Australia"]},{"name":"Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Plants for Space, AgriBio, La Trobe University , Bundoora, VIC 3086 ,","place":["Australia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5754-025X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"James","family":"Whelan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, College of Life Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, P.R. China; The Provincial International Science and Technology Cooperation Base on Engineering Biology, International Campus of Zhejiang University , Haining, Zhejiang 314400 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"container-title":["The Plant Cell"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/plcell\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/plcell\/koag308\/71720505\/koag308.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/plcell\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/plcell\/koag308\/71720505\/koag308.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T18:32:24Z","timestamp":1791484344000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/plcell\/advance-article\/doi\/10.1093\/plcell\/koag308\/8885782"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"references-count":0,"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/plcell\/koag308","relation":{},"ISSN":["1040-4651","1532-298X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1040-4651","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-298X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]]},"article-number":"koag308"}}