{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T15:17:36Z","timestamp":1783696656433,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780963200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFE0206900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFE0206900"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32573033"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32573033"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32202519"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32202519"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U22A20498"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U22A20498"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U23A20209"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U23A20209"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shaanxi Province Science and Technology Plan","award":["2024NC-BSLD-01-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024NC-BSLD-01-07"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005236","name":"Chinese Universities Scientific Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2452026013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2452026013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005236","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The determination of sex morphs and the optimization of fruit shape are key challenges in cucumber cultivation and breeding, with ethylene recognized as a crucial regulatory factor in both processes. Ethylene is synthesized through the coordinated actions of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase (ACS) and ACC oxidase (ACO). While previous studies have highlighted the significant role of CsACSs in cucumber sex determination, investigations on CsACOs remain limited. In this study, we generated mutants of all members of the ACO gene family involved in ethylene synthesis during cucumber flower development and systematically analyzed their functions. Our results demonstrate that CsACO2 plays a dual role: it is involved in the early induction of carpel initiation during flower development and subsequently regulates ovary elongation. Mutations in CsACO2 affect ovary elongation, as evidenced by the shorter ovaries of female flowers in the cswip1\/csaco2 double mutants. In developing female buds, after carpel initiation, we identified CsACO3 as the core regulatory gene responsible for stamen arrest, in cooperation with either CsACO2 or CsACO4. Notably, the cswip1\/csaco2\/csaco3 triple mutants produce hermaphrodite flowers with shorter ovaries. In contrast, the cswip1\/csaco3\/csaco4 triple mutants exhibit hermaphrodite flowers with normal ovaries and fruit shapes, and more importantly, their fruit-setting ability is comparable to that of the subgynoecious control. Our results enrich the ethylene regulatory network of cucumber female\/hermaphrodite flower development and fruit shape, and provide an optional breeding pathway for high-yield varieties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiag351","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]],"date-time":"2026-06-09T15:22:45Z","timestamp":1781018565000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Using\n                    <i>aco<\/i>\n                    multiple mutants to elucidate the differential regulation of ethylene in sex determination and fruit elongation in cucumber"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"201","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2559-8130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tongwen","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Institute of Northwest A&F University , Northwest A&F University, Sanya, Hainan 572024 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Ef\ufb01ciency Production, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiayi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Institute of Northwest A&F University , Northwest A&F University, Sanya, Hainan 572024 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Ef\ufb01ciency Production, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liuqing","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Institute of Northwest A&F University , Northwest A&F University, Sanya, Hainan 572024 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Ef\ufb01ciency Production, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-9502-8651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bosi","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Institute of Northwest A&F University , Northwest A&F University, Sanya, Hainan 572024 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Ef\ufb01ciency Production, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-6539-2846","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yanxin","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Institute of Northwest A&F University , Northwest A&F University, Sanya, Hainan 572024 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Ef\ufb01ciency Production, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junyang","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Institute of Northwest A&F University , Northwest A&F University, Sanya, Hainan 572024 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Ef\ufb01ciency Production, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-2225-5050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenjing","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Institute of Northwest A&F University , Northwest A&F University, Sanya, Hainan 572024 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Ef\ufb01ciency Production, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8321-1521","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Junjun","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Institute of Northwest A&F University , Northwest A&F University, Sanya, Hainan 572024 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Ef\ufb01ciency Production, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3188-8300","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zheng","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hainan Institute of Northwest A&F University , Northwest A&F University, Sanya, Hainan 572024 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Resistance and High-Ef\ufb01ciency Production, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.76.1.170","article-title":"Ethylene biosynthesis: identification of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid as an intermediate in the conversion of methionine to ethylene","volume":"76","author":"Adams","year":"1979","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"137","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aob.a083781","article-title":"Physiology of sex in Cucumis sativus (L.) leaf age patterns and sexual differentiation of floral buds","volume":"26","author":"Atsmon","year":"1962","journal-title":"Ann Bot"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1007\/s00425-004-1342-2","article-title":"Developmental analyses reveal early arrests of the spore-bearing parts of reproductive organs in unisexual flowers of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)","volume":"220","author":"Bai","year":"2004","journal-title":"Planta"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0006144","article-title":"A conserved ethylene biosynthesis enzyme leads to andromonoecy in two cucumis species","volume":"4","author":"Boualem","year":"2009","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"688","DOI":"10.1126\/science.aac8370","article-title":"A cucurbit androecy gene reveals how unisexual flowers develop and dioecy emerges","volume":"350","author":"Boualem","year":"2015","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2390","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cub.2022.04.031","article-title":"Ethylene plays a dual role in sex determination and fruit shape in cucurbits","volume":"32","author":"Boualem","year":"2022","journal-title":"Curr Biol"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1746-4811-7-17","article-title":"Protocol: an updated integrated methodology for analysis of metabolites and enzyme activities of ethylene biosynthesis","volume":"7","author":"Bulens","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plant Methods"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"717","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.69.3.717","article-title":"Ethylene: a natural regulator of sex expression of Cucumis melo L","volume":"69","author":"Byers","year":"1972","journal-title":"Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"586","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-313X.2005.02476.x","article-title":"A new role of the Arabidopsis SEPALLATA3 gene revealed by its constitutive expression","volume":"43","author":"Castillejo","year":"2005","journal-title":"Plant J"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2021.817922","article-title":"The ethylene biosynthesis gene CpACO1A: a new player in the regulation of sex determination and female flower development in Cucurbita pepo","volume":"12","author":"Cebri\u00e1n","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Plant Sci"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1315","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2016.06.018","article-title":"An ACC oxidase gene essential for cucumber carpel development","volume":"9","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Plant"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"258","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-023-35936-z","article-title":"Pollen tube emergence is mediated by ovary-expressed ALCATRAZ in cucumber","volume":"14","author":"Cheng","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1038\/353031a0","article-title":"The war of the whorls: genetic interactions controlling flower development","volume":"353","author":"Coen","year":"1991","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0015776","article-title":"Engineering melon plants with improved fruit shelf life using the TILLING approach","volume":"5","author":"Dahmani-Mardas","year":"2010","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2018.01.003","article-title":"The pivotal role of ethylene in plant growth","volume":"23","author":"Dubois","year":"2018","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01816091","article-title":"Study of the inheritance of sex expression in the cucumber. The interaction of major genes with modifying genetic and non-genetic factors","volume":"32","author":"Galun","year":"1962","journal-title":"Genetica"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"154","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erz417","article-title":"The ethylene receptors CpETR1A and CpETR2B cooperate in the control of sex determination in Cucurbita pepo","volume":"71","author":"Garc\u00eda","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Exp Bot"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"678","DOI":"10.1111\/tpj.16253","article-title":"TARGET OF EAT3 (TOE3) specifically regulates fruit spine initiation in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)","volume":"115","author":"Guo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Plant J"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1126\/science.adv2006","article-title":"ARF3-mediated auxin signaling is essential for sex determination in cucumber","volume":"391","author":"Han","year":"2026","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"6719","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erae060","article-title":"Ethylene-mediated stomatal responses to dehydration and rehydration in seed plants","volume":"75","author":"Hasan","year":"2024","journal-title":"J Exp Bot"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molp.2017.09.005","article-title":"Engineering non-transgenic gynoecious cucumber using an improved transformation protocol and optimized CRISPR\/Cas9 system","volume":"10","author":"Hu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol Plant"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"517","DOI":"10.1023\/a:1006343707567","article-title":"Expression of ACC oxidase genes differs among sex genotypes and sex phases in cucumber","volume":"41","author":"Kahana","year":"1999","journal-title":"Plant Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1197","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029106","article-title":"Cloning of a cDNA for a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase that is expressed during development of female flowers at the apices of Cucumis sativus L","volume":"38","author":"Kamachi","year":"1997","journal-title":"Plant Cell Physiol"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1093\/pcp\/pcj092","article-title":"The female-specific Cs-ACS1G gene of cucumber. A case of gene duplication and recombination between the non-sex-specific 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene and a branched-chain amino acid transaminase gene","volume":"47","author":"Knopf","year":"2006","journal-title":"Plant Cell Physiol"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B25","first-page":"87","article-title":"Investigations of sex determination in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). VI. Androecism","volume":"10","author":"Kubicki","year":"1969","journal-title":"Genet Polon"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B26","first-page":"69","article-title":"Investigations on sex determination in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) V. Genes controlling intensity of femaleness","volume":"10","author":"Kubicki","year":"1969","journal-title":"Genet Polon"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B27","first-page":"101","article-title":"Investigations on sex determination in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.). VII. Andromonoecism and hermaphroditism","volume":"10","author":"Kubicki","year":"1969","journal-title":"Genet Polon"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1870","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msw054","article-title":"MEGA7: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 7.0 for bigger datasets","volume":"33","author":"Kumar","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mol Biol Evol"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2019.01231","article-title":"Gene interactions regulating sex determination in cucurbits","volume":"10","author":"Li","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Plant Sci"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1534\/genetics.109.104737","article-title":"Molecular isolation of the M gene suggests that a conserved-residue conversion induces the formation of bisexual flowers in cucumber plants","volume":"182","author":"Li","year":"2009","journal-title":"Genetics"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(00)80618-2","article-title":"The ABCs of floral evolution","volume":"101","author":"Ma","year":"2000","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-9452(91)90271-9","article-title":"Sex determination incucumber (Cucumis sativus) as a model system for molecular biology","volume":"80","author":"Malepszy","year":"1991","journal-title":"Plant Sci"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1007\/s10725-011-9589-7","article-title":"The role of ethylene and brassinosteroids in the control of sex expression and flower development in Cucurbita pepo","volume":"65","author":"Manzano","year":"2011","journal-title":"Plant Growth Regul"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1669","DOI":"10.1007\/s00122-004-1793-7","article-title":"Molecular characterization and isolation of the F\/f gene for femaleness in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.)","volume":"109","author":"Mibus","year":"2004","journal-title":"Theor Appl Genet"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"654","DOI":"10.21273\/HORTSCI.15.5.654","article-title":"Induction of perfect flowers on gynoecious muskmelon by silver nitrate and aminoethoxyvinylglycine1","volume":"15","author":"Owens","year":"1980","journal-title":"HortScience"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1038\/s41477-023-01511-z","article-title":"Ethylene produced in carpel primordia controls CmHB40 expression to inhibit stamen development","volume":"9","author":"Rashid","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat Plants"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2897","DOI":"10.1093\/jxb\/erm141","article-title":"Correlation between development of female flower buds and expression of the CS-ACS2 gene in cucumber plants","volume":"58","author":"Saito","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Exp Bot"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B38","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1741-7007-10-9","article-title":"Ethylene and the regulation of plant development","volume":"10","author":"Schaller","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMC Biol"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"931","DOI":"10.1126\/science.250.4983.931","article-title":"Genetic control of flower development by homeotic genes in Antirrhinum majus","volume":"250","author":"Schwarz-Sommer","year":"1990","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1080\/10425170500050817","article-title":"A fifth member of the tomato 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) oxidase gene family harbours a leucine zipper and is anaerobically induced","volume":"16","author":"Sell","year":"2005","journal-title":"DNA Seq"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1186\/s13227-017-0085-7","article-title":"Aquilegia B gene homologs promote petaloidy of the sepals and maintenance of the C domain boundary","volume":"8","author":"Sharma","year":"2017","journal-title":"Evodevo"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2818","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koae123","article-title":"The GRAS transcription factor CsTL regulates tendril formation in cucumber","volume":"36","author":"Shen","year":"2024","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"358","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tplants.2007.06.012","article-title":"The floral genome: an evolutionary history of gene duplication and shifting patterns of gene expression","volume":"12","author":"Soltis","year":"2007","journal-title":"Trends Plant Sci"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms15758","article-title":"Pyrazinamide and derivatives block ethylene biosynthesis by inhibiting ACC oxidase","volume":"8","author":"Sun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat Commun"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"405","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-3054.1984.tb06347.x","article-title":"Thigmomorphogenesis: the relationship of mechanical perturbation to elicitor-like activity and ethylene production","volume":"61","author":"Takahashi","year":"1984","journal-title":"Physiol Plant"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.pcp.a076315","article-title":"Intergeneric translocation of floral stimulus across a graft in monoecious Cucurbitaceae with special reference to the sex expression of flowers","volume":"23","author":"Takahashi","year":"1982","journal-title":"Plant Cell Physiol"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S61","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.016667","article-title":"Sex-determining mechanisms in land plants","volume":"16","author":"Tanurdzic","year":"2004","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.113.3.987","article-title":"Identification of a 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid synthase gene linked to the female (F) locus that enhances female sex expression in cucumber","volume":"113","author":"Trebitsh","year":"1997","journal-title":"Plant Physiol"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ab.2009.12.008","article-title":"Selection of appropriate reference genes for gene expression studies by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction in cucumber","volume":"399","author":"Wan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Anal Biochem"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/plants14030309","article-title":"Ethylene signaling in regulating plant growth, development, and stress responses","volume":"14","author":"Wang","year":"2025","journal-title":"Plants"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1063","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.18.00957","article-title":"Genetic regulation of ethylene dosage for cucumber fruit elongation","volume":"31","author":"Xin","year":"2019","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B52","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"560","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.17878","article-title":"Phytochrome interacting factor 3 regulates pollen mitotic division through auxin signalling and sugar metabolism pathways in tomato","volume":"234","author":"Yang","year":"2022","journal-title":"New Phytol"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pp.35.060184.001103","article-title":"Ethylene biosynthesis and its regulation in higher plants","volume":"35","author":"Yang","year":"2003","journal-title":"Annu Rev Plant Biol"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1093\/plcell\/koaa018","article-title":"Gain-of-function of the 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase gene ACS1G induces female flower development in cucumber gynoecy","volume":"33","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"543","DOI":"10.1126\/science.add4250","article-title":"The control of carpel determinacy pathway leads to sex determination in cucurbits","volume":"378","author":"Zhang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B56","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1528","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.20309","article-title":"CsIREH1 phosphorylation regulates DELLA protein affecting plant height in cucumber (Cucumis sativus)","volume":"245","author":"Zhao","year":"2025","journal-title":"New Phytol"},{"key":"2026071011020052100_kiag351-B57","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1742","DOI":"10.1111\/nph.20192","article-title":"Genetic and molecular regulation of fruit development in cucumber","volume":"244","author":"Zhao","year":"2024","journal-title":"New Phytol"}],"container-title":["Plant Physiology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/plphys\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/plphys\/kiag351\/68494738\/kiag351.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/plphys\/article-pdf\/201\/3\/kiag351\/68494738\/kiag351.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/plphys\/article-pdf\/201\/3\/kiag351\/68494738\/kiag351.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T15:02:10Z","timestamp":1783695730000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/plphys\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/plphys\/kiag351\/8704459"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]]},"references-count":57,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/plphys\/kiag351","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-0889","1532-2548"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0032-0889","type":"print"},{"value":"1532-2548","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,9]]},"article-number":"kiag351"}}