{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T16:18:34Z","timestamp":1788279514696,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781568000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001659","name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DFG SCHN 557\/9-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DFG SCHN 557\/9-1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001659","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"JZ"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004543","name":"China Scholarship Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004543","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fructan stores constitute the most important reserve carbohydrate pools of cool season (C3) grasses, but it is largely unknown how the variation of atmospheric CO2 concentration ([CO2]) between past and projected future levels affects their function in source (photosynthesis)\u2013sink (growth and respiration) relationships. This study addressed this question with perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) grown at [CO2] of 200, 400, or 800 \u03bcmol mol\u22121 with growth-limiting nitrogen fertilization. Sixty-six days-old vegetative stands were labelled with 13CO2\/12CO2 mixtures for 7 days and the 13C-tracer dynamics in whole-shoot sucrose, fructans, glucose, and fructose pools evaluated with a 4-pool compartmental model of central carbohydrate metabolism. Increasing [CO2] from 200 to 800 \u03bcmol mol\u22121 increased shoot mass 1.6-fold and fructan concentration from 35% to 50% of dry weight, while decreasing the nitrogen nutrition status of stands. Conversely, [CO2] had no effect on the half-lives of water-soluble carbohydrate pools (fructans, \u223c7.7 days; sucrose, glucose, and fructose, 2.3 to 4.5\u2005h). Carbon cycling through the fructan pool was enhanced by [CO2], increasing the mean residence time of carbon in the carbohydrate system from 9 to 14 d between 200 and 800 \u03bcmol mol\u22121 [CO2]. Sucrose resynthesis from breakdown products of fructans (fructose) was extensive and corresponded to 65% and 113% of concurrent sucrose neo-synthesis (or sucrose consumption in growth and respiration) at 200 and 800 \u03bcmol mol\u22121 [CO2], respectively. These results imply a strong constitutive buffering of sucrose availability in the source\u2013sink system of perennial ryegrass (and likely most other C3 grasses) by fructan metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiag381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,16]],"date-time":"2026-06-16T12:22:44Z","timestamp":1781612564000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Extensive sucrose cycling through the fructan pool of a C3 grass across a 200 to 800 \u03bcmol mol\u22121 atmospheric CO2 gradient"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"201","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9925-737X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianjun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Gr\u00fcnlandlehre , Alte Akademie 12, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University , Qingdao, Shandong ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8567-5802","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christoph A","family":"Lehmeier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Gr\u00fcnlandlehre , Alte Akademie 12, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4487-5805","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ulrike","family":"Ostler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Gr\u00fcnlandlehre , Alte Akademie 12, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research, Atmospheric Environmental Research (IMKIFU) , Garmisch-Partenkirchen ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-6320-1264","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regina T","family":"Hirl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Gr\u00fcnlandlehre , Alte Akademie 12, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8159-3837","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan C","family":"Baca Cabrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Gr\u00fcnlandlehre , Alte Akademie 12, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Forschungszentrum J\u00fclich GmbH, Institute of Bio- and Geoscience: Agrosphere (IBG-3) , J\u00fclich ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5288-1397","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rudi","family":"Sch\u00e4ufele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Lehrstuhl f\u00fcr Gr\u00fcnlandlehre , Alte Akademie 12, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan ,","place":["Germany"]},{"name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Crop Physiology , Freising-Weihenstephan ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2682-3692","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando A","family":"Lattanzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Area de Pasturas y Forrajes, Instituto Nacional de Investigaci\u00f3n Agropecuaria (INIA) , La Estanzuela, Colonia ,","place":["Uruguay"]},{"name":"Grupo Disciplinario Produccion de Pasturas, Departamento de Produccion Animal, Facultad de Agronomia, Universidad 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