{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T19:12:13Z","timestamp":1788549133856,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":76,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784678400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fruit skin netting (russeting, Rs) forms when epidermal microcracks are sealed by a suberized periderm, reducing marketability. We previously identified the Rs locus (CsSHN1), which encodes an AP2\/ERF transcription factor, as a major determinant of cucumber skin netting, but how fruit growth is temporally coupled to periderm formation remains unclear. Here, we integrated population genomics, time-series multiomics, DNA affinity purification sequencing (DAP-seq), and transgenic assays to decode the CsSHN1-mediated regulatory network. Six functionally relevant CsSHN1 variants were identified across 325 cucumber accessions. Allele distribution and selective sweep analyses revealed breeding-driven selection for smooth fruit skin. Overexpression of a netted allele in a smooth background induced epidermal fissures, altered cell geometry, and increased fruit size, demonstrating a dosage-sensitive effect. Time-series transcriptomics and metabolomics of near-isogenic lines (NILs) defined 3 developmental phases of netting: early suppression of lignin and trehalose genes preceding cracks, growth-driven fissuring accompanied by cell-wall remodeling and defense activation, and maturation-stage cell-wall degradation with strong induction of ligno-suberin biosynthesis. Across the cucumber genome, DAP-seq identified approximately 8,000 in vitro CsSHN1 binding sites. These binding sites were significantly enriched for the GCC-box motif and included genes involved in cutin and suberin biosynthesis. Together, these results show that CsSHN1 orchestrates fruit skin netting through a growth-coupled temporal regulatory cascade, providing a mechanistic framework for manipulating fruit epidermal properties.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiag536","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T11:28:56Z","timestamp":1784633336000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Natural variants of\n                    <i>CsSHN1<\/i>\n                    orchestrate a temporal regulatory cascade driving fruit skin netting in cucumber"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"202","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0057-500X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuhui","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics & Germplasm Enhancement and Utilization, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University , Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095 ,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53706 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9506-7272","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanqiang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53706 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University , Yangling, Shaanxi 712100 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3634-9493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Feifan","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53706 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Sanya Institute of Breeding and Multiplication & Key Laboratory of Quality Regulation of Tropical Horticultural Crop in Hainan Province, School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University , Haikou, Hainan 570228 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronald","family":"Dymerski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plant and Agroecosystem Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, WI 53706 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huijun","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anhui Province Watermelon and Melon Biological Breeding Engineering Research Center, School of Life Science, Huaibei Normal University , Huaibei, Anhui 235000 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090414270228300_kiag536-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2463","DOI":"10.1105\/tpc.104.022897","article-title":"The SHINE clade of AP2 domain transcription factors activates wax biosynthesis, alters cuticle properties, and confers drought tolerance when overexpressed in Arabidopsis","volume":"16","author":"Aharoni","year":"2004","journal-title":"Plant Cell"},{"key":"2026090414270228300_kiag536-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1086391","article-title":"Genome-wide insertional mutagenesis of Arabidopsis thaliana","volume":"301","author":"Alonso","year":"2003","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"2026090414270228300_kiag536-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"916","DOI":"10.1104\/pp.110.168641","article-title":"Coordinated activation of cellulose and 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