{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T16:11:53Z","timestamp":1790093513741,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":122,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100005825","name":"USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100005825","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100015925","name":"California Table Grape Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100015925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Grapevine powdery mildew (PM) is a major cause of yield loss worldwide, highlighting the need for durable resistance strategies. Recessive resistance against PM has been previously reported by silencing a pectate lyase-like (PLL) susceptibility gene in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana (AtPMR6), but the function of this susceptibility gene is unknown in crop plants. Grapevine has multiple copies of PLL genes, but their precise role in PM resistance is not fully understood. Here we report using an artificial microRNA-based gene silencing approach in PM-susceptible Vitis vinifera cv. Chardonnay to stably silence the \u201cChardonnay\u201d ortholog of AtPMR6, VvPLL3. Downregulation of VvPLL3 improved foliar resistance against the PM fungus. A significant reduction in tertiary hyphal branching was observed at 48\u2005h postinoculation that negatively affected colony success rate, but not penetration success. RNA sequencing expression analyses of the VvPLL3 silenced lines (vs empty-vector control lines) identified 41 genes whose expression was significantly affected. Pathway enrichment analysis showed enrichment of genes mainly associated with pathways involved in the production of defense-related secondary metabolites (phenylpropanoid and flavonoid biosynthesis), stress-related transcription factors (WRKY, NAC), amino acids (phenylalanine and cyanoamino acids), and carbohydrate metabolism (glucosinolate biosynthesis). The VvPLL3 silenced lines showed altered composition of neutral cell wall carbohydrates relative to the empty vector control. The data presented here indicate compensating pathways involved in VvPLL3-mediated PM resistance in grapevine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/plphys\/kiag624","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T11:45:10Z","timestamp":1787226310000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Downregulation of\n                    <i>VvPLL3<\/i>\n                    enhances grapevine resistance to\n                    <i>Erysiphe necator<\/i>\n                    via defense activation and cell wall remodeling"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"202","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9451-3071","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajtilak","family":"Majumdar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Grape Genetics Research Unit , Geneva, NY 14456 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Northwest Irrigation and Soils Research Laboratory , Kimberly, ID 83341 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2543-7212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hilal Betul","family":"Kaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Manisa Celal Bayar University , Manisa 45140 ,","place":["T\u00fcrkiye"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4314-6136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Siraprapa","family":"Mahanil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Grape Genetics Research Unit , Geneva, NY 14456 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5005-028X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacquelyn","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Grape Genetics Research Unit , Geneva, NY 14456 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"St. Jude Children\u2019s Research Hospital , Memphis, TN 38105 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3996-7430","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dustin","family":"Wilkerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cornell Institute of Biotechnology, Cornell University , Ithaca, NY 14853 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5302-1436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael V","family":"Osier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Thomas H. Gosnell School of Life Sciences, Rochester Institute of Technology , Rochester, NY 14623 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0197-7123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruce","family":"Reisch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell AgriTech , Geneva, NY 14456 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7355-3111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dawn","family":"Chiniquy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Energy Biosciences Institute, University of California , Berkeley, CA 94720 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, CA 94720 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4241-4634","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lance","family":"Cadle-Davidson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service, Grape Genetics Research Unit , Geneva, NY 14456 ,","place":["United States"]},{"name":"School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell AgriTech , Geneva, NY 14456 ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026092211371880700_kiag624-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"758","DOI":"10.3389\/fpls.2017.00758","article-title":"RUN1 and REN1 pyramiding in grapevine (Vitis vinifera cv. 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