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This review begins by highlighting 4 seminal early CRISPR studies published in Plant Physiology that laid critical foundations for crop genome editing and tool development. We then summarize major advances in optimizing CRISPR performance, expanding targeting scope, and developing strategies for transgene removal and transient editing. We also discuss a wide array of innovative applications beyond gene knockout, such as gene targeting, chromosome engineering, synthetic apomixis, and gene drive. Furthermore, we introduce key CRISPR-derived tools, including base editors, prime editors, and programmable transcriptional and epigenetic regulators. 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