{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,18]],"date-time":"2026-10-18T03:14:13Z","timestamp":1792293253014,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,6]],"date-time":"2021-02-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612569600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This systematic review aimed to 1) assess associations between psychological factors and pain after breast cancer (BC) treatment and 2) determine which preoperative psychological factors predicted pain in the acute, subacute, and chronic time frames after BC surgery.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A systematic review with meta-analysis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Subjects<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Women with early-stage BC.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, and Web of Science databases were searched between 1990 and January 2019. Studies that evaluated psychological factors and pain after surgery for early-stage BC were included. Associations between psychological factors and pain, from early after surgery to &amp;gt;12\u2009months after surgery, were extracted. Effect size correlations (r equivalents) were calculated and pooled by using random-effects meta-analysis models.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 4,137 studies, 47 were included (n\u2009=\u200915,987 participants; 26 studies \u226412\u2009months after surgery and 22 studies &amp;gt;12\u2009months after surgery). The majority of the studies had low to moderate risk of bias. Higher preoperative anxiety and depression were weak but significant predictors of pain at all time points up to 12\u2009months (r equivalent: 0.15\u20130.22). Higher preoperative pain catastrophizing and distress were also weak but significant predictors of pain during the acute (0\u20137\u2009days) and chronic (3\u201312\u2009months) periods (r equivalent: 0.10\u20130.20). For the period &amp;gt;12\u2009months after surgery, weak but significant cross-sectional associations with pain were identified for anxiety, depression, pain catastrophizing, and distress (r equivalents: 0.15, 0.17, 0.25, 0.14, respectively).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Significant pooled effect size correlations between psychological factors and pain were identified across all time frames. Though weak, these associations should encourage assessment of key psychological factors during preoperative screening and pain assessments at all postoperative time frames.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnaa363","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T15:24:44Z","timestamp":1600701884000},"page":"915-947","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":42,"title":["Psychological Factors Are Associated with Pain at All Time Frames After Breast Cancer Surgery: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Niamh A","family":"Moloney","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia"},{"name":"THRIVE Physiotherapy, Guernsey, Channel Islands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natasha C","family":"Pocovi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Professions, Faculty of Medicine, Health and Human Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth S","family":"Dylke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, The University of Sydney, Lidcombe, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra L","family":"Graham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Centre for Economic Impacts of Genomic Medicine (GenIMPACT), Macquarie Business School, and Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6771-2836","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"An","family":"De Groef","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven\u2014University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2021042109195517700_pnaa363-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmn.2010.09.002","article-title":"Current knowledge of pain after breast cancer treatment: A systematic review","volume":"14","author":"Cooney","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain Manag Nurs"},{"issue":"4","key":"2021042109195517700_pnaa363-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2016.5688","article-title":"Global, regional, and national cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years for 32 cancer groups, 1990 to 2015: A systematic analysis for the global burden of disease study","volume":"3","author":"Fitzmaurice","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"key":"2021042109195517700_pnaa363-B3","year":"2013"},{"issue":"11","key":"2021042109195517700_pnaa363-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4533","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-016-3292-1","article-title":"Prevalence and risk factors associated with pain 21 months following surgery for breast cancer","volume":"24","author":"Moloney","year":"2016","journal-title":"Supportive Care Cancer"},{"issue":"6","key":"2021042109195517700_pnaa363-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2007.01.013","article-title":"Predictors and consequences of multiple persistent postmastectomy pains","volume":"34","author":"Kudel","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manage"},{"key":"2021042109195517700_pnaa363-B6","first-page":"30","article-title":"Survey on recognition of post-mastectomy pain syndrome by breast specialist physician and present status of treatment in Japan","volume":"30","author":"Kojima","year":"2012","journal-title":"Breast Cancer"},{"issue":"12","key":"2021042109195517700_pnaa363-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1985","DOI":"10.1093\/annonc\/mdn419","article-title":"Prevalence of undertreatment in cancer pain. 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