{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,9]],"date-time":"2026-01-09T14:15:18Z","timestamp":1767968118475,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,5]],"date-time":"2021-02-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612483200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>We quantified the representation of female program directors (PDs) and assessed their respective demographics, academic metrics, and program-related characteristics in chronic pain and acute pain medicine fellowship programs accredited by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified chronic and acute pain PDs on the ACGME website on November 15, 2020. We abstracted data from public databases and performed comparisons of demographics, academic metrics, and program-related characteristics between female and male PDs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>We identified 111 chronic pain programs and 35 acute pain programs. Overall, there were 35 (31.5%) chronic pain programs with a female PD and 76 (68.5%) chronic pain programs with a male PD. Female chronic pain PDs published fewer peer-reviewed articles (4.0 publications, interquartile range [IQR] = 2.0\u201312.0) compared with male chronic pain PDs (9.0 publications, IQR = 4.0\u201327.0; P\u2009=\u20090.050), although there was no difference in the H-index score (3.0 vs 4.0 publications, respectively; P\u2009=\u20090.062) or senior academic rank status (57.1% vs 50.0%, respectively; P\u2009=\u20090.543). There were 10 (28.6%) acute pain programs with a female PD and 25 (71.4%) acute pain programs with a male PD. Similar to the chronic pain cohort, there was no difference in senior academic rank status based on gender in acute pain PDs (50.0% vs 24.0%, respectively; P\u2009=\u20090.227).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study highlights gender differences in the PD role in ACGME-accredited chronic and acute pain fellowships. Female PDs remain underrepresented and have fewer peer-reviewed publications. Senior academic rank status was similar across genders, contradicting the current evidence in academic medicine.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnab041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,4]],"date-time":"2021-02-04T00:20:20Z","timestamp":1612398020000},"page":"1360-1366","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Gender Representation in Fellowship Program Director Positions in ACGME-Accredited Chronic Pain and Acute Pain Fellowship Programs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"Ryan S","family":"D\u2019Souza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2519-2657","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brendan","family":"Langford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susan","family":"Moeschler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,5]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2021060807583015600_pnab041-B1","first-page":"e62","article-title":"Representation of women in pain medicine fellowships in the United States, 2017\u20132018","volume":"21","author":"Doshi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"key":"2021060807583015600_pnab041-B2","year":"2016"},{"key":"2021060807583015600_pnab041-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/rapm-2019-100878","article-title":"Gender of pain medicine leadership and trainees: A survey 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