{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T03:41:15Z","timestamp":1767843675487,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":110,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1656288000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia","award":["APP1171459"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["APP1171459"]}]},{"name":"NHMRC Centre for Research Excellence"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This scoping review aimed to comprehensively review strategies for implementation of low back pain (LBP) guidelines, policies, and models of care in the Australian health care system.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Allied and Complementary Medicine Database, and Web of Science to identify studies that aimed to implement or integrate evidence-based interventions or practices to improve LBP care within Australian settings.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Twenty-five studies met the inclusion criteria. Most studies targeted primary care settings (n\u2009=\u200913). Other settings included tertiary care (n\u2009=\u20094), community (n\u2009=\u20094), and pharmacies (n\u2009=\u20093). One study targeted both primary and tertiary care settings (n\u2009=\u20091). Only 40% of the included studies reported an underpinning framework, model, or theory. The implementation strategies most frequently used were evaluative and iterative strategies (n\u2009=\u200914, 56%) and train and educate stakeholders (n\u2009=\u200913, 52%), followed by engage consumers (n\u2009=\u20096, 24%), develop stakeholder relationships (n\u2009=\u20094, 16%), change in infrastructure (n\u2009=\u20094, 16%), and support clinicians (n\u2009=\u20093, 12%). The most common implementation outcomes considered were acceptability (n\u2009=\u200911, 44%) and adoption (n\u2009=\u200910, 40%), followed by appropriateness (n\u2009=\u20097, 28%), cost (n\u2009=\u20093, 12%), feasibility (n\u2009=\u20091, 4%), and fidelity (n\u2009=\u20091, 4%). Barriers included time constraints, funding, and teamwork availability. Facilitators included funding and collaboration between stakeholders.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Implementation research targeting LBP appears to be a young field, mostly focusing on training and educating stakeholders in primary care. Outcomes on sustainability and penetration of evidence-based interventions are lacking. There is a need for implementation research guided by established frameworks that consider interrelationships between organizational and system contexts beyond the clinician\u2013patient dyad.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnac102","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]],"date-time":"2022-06-27T12:41:42Z","timestamp":1656333702000},"page":"1979-2009","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Implementation Initiatives to Improve Low Back Pain Care in Australia: A Scoping Review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"23","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2271-5408","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nathalia","family":"Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney School of Public Health, Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"},{"name":"School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fiona M","family":"Blyth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney School of Public Health, Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anita B","family":"Amorim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, School of Health Sciences , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarika","family":"Parambath","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney School of Public Health, Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Selvanaayagam","family":"Shanmuganathan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney School of Public Health, Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Huckel Schneider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney School of Public Health, Menzies Centre for Health Policy and Economics , Sydney, New South Wales, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]]},"reference":[{"issue":"6","key":"2022120116045096900_pnac102-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204428","article-title":"The global burden of low back pain: Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease 2010 study","volume":"73","author":"Hoy","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"issue":"12","key":"2022120116045096900_pnac102-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e003838","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2013-003838","article-title":"Long-term trajectories of back pain: Cohort study with 7-year follow-up","volume":"3","author":"Dunn","year":"2013","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022120116045096900_pnac102-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"591","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2013.09.007","article-title":"Low back pain across the life course","volume":"27","author":"Dunn","year":"2013","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2022120116045096900_pnac102-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"885","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2015.02.012","article-title":"Patients with low back pain had distinct clinical course patterns that were typically neither complete recovery nor constant pain. 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