{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,4]],"date-time":"2026-11-04T20:51:40Z","timestamp":1793825500318,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":97,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"Supplement_1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662508800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001655","name":"German Academic Exchange Service","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001655","name":"Deutscher Akademischer Austauschdienst","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001655","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100008662","name":"Joachim Herz Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100008662","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["AR076730-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["AR076730-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Management of patients suffering from low back pain (LBP) is challenging and requires development of diagnostic techniques to identify specific patient subgroups and phenotypes in order to customize treatment and predict clinical outcome. The Back Pain Consortium (BACPAC) Research Program Spine Imaging Working Group has developed standard operating procedures (SOPs) for spinal imaging protocols to be used in all BACPAC studies. These SOPs include procedures to conduct spinal imaging assessments with guidelines for standardizing the collection, reading\/grading (using structured reporting with semi-quantitative evaluation using ordinal rating scales), and storage of images. This article presents the approach to image acquisition and evaluation recommended by the BACPAC Spine Imaging Working Group. While the approach is specific to BACPAC studies, it is general enough to be applied at other centers performing magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisitions in patients with LBP. The herein presented SOPs are meant to improve understanding of pain mechanisms and facilitate patient phenotyping by codifying MRI-based methods that provide standardized, non-invasive assessments of spinal pathologies. Finally, these recommended procedures may facilitate the integration of better harmonized MRI data of the lumbar spine across studies and sites within and outside of BACPAC studies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnac130","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,7]],"date-time":"2022-09-07T13:44:36Z","timestamp":1662558276000},"page":"S81-S94","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Lumbar Spine: Recommendations for Acquisition and Image Evaluation from the BACPAC Spine Imaging Working Group"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"Nico","family":"Sollmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Ulm , Ulm, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, School of Medicine, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich, Germany"},{"name":"TUM-Neuroimaging Center, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich , Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aaron J","family":"Fields","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Conor","family":"O\u2019Neill","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lorenzo","family":"Nardo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of California , Davis, Sacramento, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sharmila","family":"Majumdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"Center for Digital Health Innovation, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cynthia T","family":"Chin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Duygu","family":"Tosun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Misung","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"An T","family":"Vu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco VA Health Care System , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugene","family":"Ozhinsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco , San Francisco, California, USA"},{"name":"VA Advanced Imaging Research Center, San Francisco VA Health Care System , San Francisco, California, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lubdha M","family":"Shah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Utah , Salt Lake City, Utah, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard E","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Remy","family":"Lobo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Anderst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Herzog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology and Imaging, Hospital for Special Surgery , New York, New York, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew A","family":"Psioda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill , Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher J","family":"Standaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine , Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"River T","family":"Price","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Gillings School of Global 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