{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,27]],"date-time":"2026-08-27T08:33:48Z","timestamp":1787819628029,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":91,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,9]],"date-time":"2023-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683590400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology"},{"name":"Pain Clinic, University Medical Centre"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Previous neuroimaging studies have shown that patients with chronic pain display altered functional connectivity across distributed brain areas involved in the processing of nociceptive stimuli. The aim of the present study was to investigate how pain chronification modulates whole-brain functional connectivity during evoked clinical and tonic pain.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients with osteoarthritis of the hip (n\u2009=\u200987) were classified into 3 stages of pain chronification (Grades I\u2013III, Mainz Pain Staging System). Electroencephalograms were recorded during 3 conditions: baseline, evoked clinical hip pain, and tonic cold pain (cold pressor test). The effects of both factors (recording condition and pain chronification stage) on the phase-lag index, as a measure of neuronal connectivity, were examined for different frequency bands.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In women, we found increasing functional connectivity in the low-frequency range (delta, 0.5\u20134\u2009Hz) across pain chronification stages during evoked clinical hip pain and tonic cold pain stimulation. In men, elevated functional connectivity in the delta frequency range was observed in only the tonic cold pain condition.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Across pain chronification stages, we found that widespread cortical networks increase their synchronization of delta oscillations in response to clinical and experimental nociceptive stimuli. In view of previous studies relating delta oscillations to salience detection and other basic motivational processes, our results hint at these mechanisms playing an important role in pain chronification, mainly in women.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnad057","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]],"date-time":"2023-05-11T00:36:22Z","timestamp":1683765382000},"page":"1073-1085","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Pain chronification impacts whole-brain functional connectivity in women with hip osteoarthritis during pain stimulation"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4782-3402","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Joachim","family":"Erlenwein","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Clinic, University Medical Centre, Georg-August-University of Goettingen , 37075 Goettingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"K\u00e4stner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Clinic, University Medical Centre, Georg-August-University of Goettingen , 37075 Goettingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mikkel","family":"Gram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital , 9000 Aalborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Falla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham , Birmingham B15 2TT, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Asbj\u00f8rn M","family":"Drewes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mech-Sense, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Aalborg University Hospital , 9000 Aalborg, Denmark"},{"name":"Clinical Institute, Aalborg University Hospital , 9000 Aalborg, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Przemeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Annastift , 30625 Hannover, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank","family":"Petzke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Clinic, University Medical Centre, Georg-August-University of Goettingen , 37075 Goettingen, 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