{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,1]],"date-time":"2026-11-01T18:48:07Z","timestamp":1793558887486,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]],"date-time":"2023-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691971200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01-AG034982"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-AG034982"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32NS070201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32NS070201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K24AR081143"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K24AR081143"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Up to 40% of individuals who undergo total knee arthroplasty (TKA) experience some degree of pain following surgery. Presurgical insomnia has been identified as a predictor of postsurgical pain; however, modifiable presurgical behaviors related to insomnia have received minimal attention. The objective of the present study was to develop a 2-item sleep and pain behavior scale (SP2) to investigate a maladaptive sleep and pain behavior and is a secondary analysis of a larger, parent study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Patients (N\u2009=\u2009109) completed SP2 at baseline and 12\u2009months and questionnaires assessing sleep and pain at baseline (pre-TKA), 6 weeks, 3, 6, and 12 months post-TKA. SP2 demonstrated adequate preliminary psychometric properties.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As hypothesized, even after controlling for baseline insomnia, pain, anxiety and other covariates, baseline SP2 predicted insomnia symptom severity at 6\u2009weeks (\u03b2\u2009=\u20092.828), 3 (\u03b2\u2009=\u20092.140), 6 (\u03b2\u2009=\u20092.962), and 12\u2009months (\u03b2\u2009=\u20091.835) and pain at 6\u2009weeks (\u03b2\u2009=\u20096.722), 3 (\u03b2\u2009=\u20095.536), and 6\u2009months (\u03b2\u2009=\u20097.677) post-TKA (P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.05). Insomnia symptoms at 6-weeks post-TKA mediated the effect of presurgical SP2 on pain at 3 (95% CI: 0.024\u20137.054), 6 (95%CI: 0.495\u20135.243), and 12\u2009months (95% CI: 0.077\u20132.684).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This provides preliminary evidence that patients who cope with pain by retiring to their bed and bedroom have higher rates of post-surgical insomnia and pain and supports efforts to target this maladaptive sleep and pain behavior to reduce postsurgical pain.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnad106","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,11]],"date-time":"2023-08-11T20:22:41Z","timestamp":1691785361000},"page":"1224-1233","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Presurgical sleep and pain behaviors predict insomnia symptoms and pain after total knee arthroplasty: a 12-month longitudinal, observational study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"24","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5448-3771","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael A","family":"Owens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21224, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chung Jung","family":"Mun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21224, United States"},{"name":"Edson College of Nursing and Health Innovation, Arizona State University , Phoenix, AZ 85004, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1363-1616","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrina R","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21224, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abbey","family":"Hughes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21224, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5420-4207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia M","family":"Campbell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21224, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert R","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA 02115, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael T","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore, MD 21224, United States"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]]},"reference":[{"issue":"2","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"203","DOI":"10.1002\/acr.22412","article-title":"Lifetime medical costs of knee osteoarthritis management in the United States: impact of extending indications for total knee arthroplasty","volume":"67","author":"Losina","year":"2015","journal-title":"Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken)"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780","DOI":"10.2106\/00004623-200704000-00012","article-title":"Projections of primary and revision hip and knee arthroplasty in the United States from 2005 to 2030","volume":"89","author":"Kurtz","year":"2007","journal-title":"J Bone Joint Surg Am"},{"issue":"11","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joca.2017.07.022","article-title":"Projected increase in total knee arthroplasty in the United States \u2013 an alternative projection model","volume":"25","author":"Inacio","year":"2017","journal-title":"Osteoarthritis Cartilage"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"566","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2010.11.023","article-title":"Persistent pain after joint replacement: prevalence, sensory qualities, and postoperative determinants","volume":"152","author":"Wylde","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e000435","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2011-000435","article-title":"What proportion of patients report long-term pain after total hip or knee replacement for osteoarthritis? A systematic review of prospective studies in unselected patients","volume":"2","author":"Beswick","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ Open"},{"key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B6","author":"Steiner","year":"2012"},{"issue":"12","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3854","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2017.07.021","article-title":"Patient dissatisfaction following total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review of the literature","volume":"32","author":"Gunaratne","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"551","DOI":"10.1093\/bja\/aeu441","article-title":"Predictors of persistent pain after total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"114","author":"Lewis","year":"2015","journal-title":"Br J Anaesth"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnac154","article-title":"Predictors of persistent post-surgical pain following total knee arthroplasty: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies","volume":"24","author":"Ashoorion","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pain Med"},{"issue":"28","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16450","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000016450","article-title":"Incidence and risk factors for development of persistent postsurgical pain following total knee arthroplasty","volume":"98","author":"Gungor","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000001413","article-title":"The IASP classification of chronic pain for ICD-11: chronic postsurgical or posttraumatic pain","volume":"160","author":"Schug","year":"2019","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"22","DOI":"10.1097\/01.blo.0000214439.95268.59","article-title":"Economic burden of revision hip and knee arthroplasty in Medicare enrollees","volume":"446","author":"Ong","year":"2006","journal-title":"Clin Orthop Relat Res"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"520","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rbo.2013.10.023","article-title":"Quality of life after total knee arthroplasty: systematic review","volume":"49","author":"da Silva","year":"2014","journal-title":"Rev Bras Ortop"},{"issue":"10180","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1537","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)30352-6","article-title":"Transition from acute to chronic pain after surgery","volume":"393","author":"Glare","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"661","DOI":"10.1016\/j.surg.2017.09.004","article-title":"Persistent abdominal pain after laparoscopic cholecystectomy is associated with increased healthcare consumption and sick leave","volume":"163","author":"Wennmacker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"719","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2008.07.015","article-title":"Psychosocial predictors and correlates for chronic post-surgical pain (CPSP) - a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Hinrichs-Rocker","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1241","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2000.tb02597.x","article-title":"Factors related to sleep disturbance in older adults experiencing knee pain or knee pain with radiographic evidence of knee osteoarthritis","volume":"48","author":"Wilcox","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Am Geriatr Soc"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B18","first-page":"363","article-title":"A comparison of sleep in rheumatic and non-rheumatic patients","volume":"5","author":"Leigh","year":"1987","journal-title":"Clin Exp Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B19","author":"Gallup Organization:","year":"1997"},{"key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B20","author":"Gallup Organization:","year":"1996"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1097\/00004650-200305000-00003","article-title":"Improved sleep may reduce arthritis pain","volume":"17","author":"Davis","year":"2003","journal-title":"Holist Nurs Pract"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychires.2004.07.001","article-title":"Relationship between chronic painful physical condition and insomnia","volume":"39","author":"Ohayon","year":"2005","journal-title":"J Psychiatr Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"911","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21584","article-title":"Pain as a mediator of sleep problems in arthritis and other chronic conditions","volume":"53","author":"Power","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"957","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000466","article-title":"Sleep problems and pain: a longitudinal cohort study in emerging adults","volume":"157","author":"Bonvanie","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2016.02.004","article-title":"Subjective sleep quality deteriorates before development of painful temporomandibular disorder","volume":"17","author":"Sanders","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"666","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/kel363","article-title":"The role of psychosocial factors in predicting the onset of chronic widespread pain: results from a prospective population-based study","volume":"46","author":"Gupta","year":"2007","journal-title":"Rheumatology (Oxford)"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e139","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/615203","article-title":"Exploring the associations between sleep problems and chronic musculoskeletal pain in adolescents: a prospective cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Harrison","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pain Res Manag"},{"issue":"10","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1185","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2013.05.002","article-title":"Persistent postmastectomy pain in breast cancer survivors: analysis of clinical, demographic, and psychosocial factors","volume":"14","author":"Belfer","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejon.2013.12.002","article-title":"Identification of patient subgroups and risk factors for persistent arm\/shoulder pain following breast cancer surgery","volume":"18","author":"Miaskowski","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur J Oncol Nurs"},{"issue":"44","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e17708","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000017708","article-title":"Poor preoperative sleep quality is a risk factor for severe postoperative pain after breast cancer surgery: a prospective cohort study","volume":"98","author":"Wang","year":"2019","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"issue":"11","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1360","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2021.04.008","article-title":"Sex differences, sleep disturbance and risk of persistent pain associated with groin hernia surgery: a nationwide register-based cohort study","volume":"22","author":"Bjurstr\u00f6m","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"issue":"7","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1482","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1761","article-title":"Preoperative sleep quality and adverse pain outcomes after total hip arthroplasty","volume":"25","author":"Bjurstr\u00f6m","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1186\/s13018-019-1446-9","article-title":"Preoperative sleep quality affects postoperative pain and function after total joint arthroplasty: a prospective cohort study","volume":"14","author":"Luo","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Orthop Surg Res"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"119","DOI":"10.4103\/jfmpc.jfmpc_595_19","article-title":"A sleep disturbance after total knee arthroplasty","volume":"9","author":"Fatah","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Family Med Prim Care"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2015.07.044","article-title":"Prospective evaluation of sleep disturbances after total knee arthroplasty","volume":"31","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.5704\/MOJ.1907.002","article-title":"The Effects of Total Knee Arthroplasty on Sleep Quality","volume":"13","author":"Koken","year":"2019","journal-title":"Malays Orthop J"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jos.2018.07.019","article-title":"Analysis of patients\u2019 sleep disorder after total knee arthroplasty-a retrospective study","volume":"24","author":"Long","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Orthop Sci"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2020.08.056","article-title":"Improvement in sleep patterns after hip and knee arthroplasty: a prospective study in 780 patients","volume":"36","author":"Van Meirhaeghe","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e636","DOI":"10.3928\/01477447-20170411-01","article-title":"Prospective assessment of sleep quality before and after primary total joint replacement","volume":"40","author":"Manning","year":"2017","journal-title":"Orthopedics"},{"issue":"3","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B40","first-page":"274","article-title":"Dynamic view of postoperative pain evolution after total knee arthroplasty: a prospective observational study","volume":"82","author":"Grosu","year":"2016","journal-title":"Minerva Anestesiol"},{"issue":"8","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2013.02.013","article-title":"Activity, sleep and cognition after fast-track hip or knee arthroplasty","volume":"28","author":"Krenk","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"541","DOI":"10.1016\/S0193-953X(18)30532-X","article-title":"A behavioral perspective on insomnia treatment","volume":"10","author":"Spielman","year":"1987","journal-title":"Psychiatr Clin North Am"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2007.08.001","article-title":"A new episode of low back pain: who relies on bed rest?","volume":"12","author":"Verbunt","year":"2008","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"issue":"9186","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(98)10063-6","article-title":"Bed rest: a potentially harmful treatment needing more careful evaluation","volume":"354","author":"Allen","year":"1999","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcot.2018.04.017","article-title":"Influence of early mobilization program on pain, self-reported and performance based functional measures following total knee replacement","volume":"10","author":"Harikesavan","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Clin Orthop Trauma"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"964","DOI":"10.1177\/0194599815572127","article-title":"Correlation between sleep disruption on postoperative pain","volume":"152","author":"Miller","year":"2015","journal-title":"Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-005-9045-0","article-title":"Sleep disruptions mediate the relationship between early postoperative pain and later functioning following total knee replacement surgery","volume":"29","author":"Cremeans-Smith","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Behav Med"},{"issue":"1","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"302","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-022-05239-3","article-title":"Multimodal prediction of pain and functional outcomes 6 months following total knee replacement: a prospective cohort study","volume":"23","author":"Edwards","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"issue":"5","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"601","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/34.5.601","article-title":"The Insomnia Severity Index: psychometric indicators to detect insomnia cases and evaluate treatment response","volume":"34","author":"Morin","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"issue":"12","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B50","first-page":"1833","article-title":"Validation study of WOMAC: a health status instrument for measuring clinically important patient relevant outcomes to antirheumatic drug therapy in patients with osteoarthritis of the hip or knee","volume":"15","author":"Bellamy","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2154","DOI":"10.1016\/j.arth.2015.06.012","article-title":"WOMAC, EQ-5D and knee society score thresholds for treatment success after total knee arthroplasty","volume":"30","author":"Giesinger","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Arthroplasty"},{"key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.4324\/9780203809556","volume-title":"Introduction to Statistical Mediation Analysis","author":"MacKinnon","year":"2012"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B53","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1037\/0033-2909.107.2.238","article-title":"Comparative fit indexes in structural models","volume":"107","author":"Bentler","year":"1990","journal-title":"Psychol Bull"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B54","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"343","DOI":"10.1177\/073428299801600407","article-title":"Software review: software programs for structural equation modeling: Amos, EQS, and LISREL","volume":"16","author":"Kline","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Psychoeduc Assess"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B55","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"411","DOI":"10.1080\/10705519809540115","article-title":"A note on multiple sample extensions of the RMSEA fit index","volume":"5","author":"Steiger","year":"1998","journal-title":"Struct Equ Model Multidiscip J"},{"key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B56","volume-title":"Statistical Analysis with Missing Data","author":"Little","year":"2014"},{"key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B57","volume-title":"Applied Missing Data Analysis","author":"Enders","year":"2010"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B58","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"637","DOI":"10.1007\/s00038-012-0416-3","article-title":"The reliability of a two-item scale: Pearson, Cronbach, or Spearman-Brown?","volume":"58","author":"Eisinga","year":"2013","journal-title":"Int J Public Health"},{"key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B59","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2017.01.013","article-title":"Spearman-Brown prophecy formula and Cronbach\u2019s alpha: different faces of reliability and opportunities for new applications","volume":"85","author":"de Vet","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B60","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcm.2016.02.012","article-title":"A guideline of selecting and reporting intraclass correlation coefficients for reliability research","volume":"15","author":"Koo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Chiropr Med"},{"key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B61","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"640416","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.640416","article-title":"Perioperative sleep disorder: a review","volume":"8","author":"Lin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front Med (Lausanne)"},{"issue":"4","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B62","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8306","DOI":"10.4081\/or.2019.8306","article-title":"Can pharmacological and non-pharmacological sleep aids reduce post-operative pain and opioid usage? A review of the literature","volume":"11","author":"Petrie","year":"2019","journal-title":"Orthop Rev (Pavia)"},{"issue":"6","key":"2023110711500348000_pnad106-B63","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"536","DOI":"10.7150\/ijms.18926","article-title":"Clinical insomnia and associated factors in failed back surgery syndrome: a retrospective cross-sectional study","volume":"14","author":"Yun","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Med Sci"}],"container-title":["Pain Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/painmedicine\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/pm\/pnad106\/51309120\/pnad106.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/painmedicine\/article-pdf\/24\/11\/1224\/52773222\/pnad106.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/painmedicine\/article-pdf\/24\/11\/1224\/52773222\/pnad106.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,7]],"date-time":"2023-11-07T11:50:42Z","timestamp":1699357842000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/painmedicine\/article\/24\/11\/1224\/7242329"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,2]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/pm\/pnad106","relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-2375","1526-4637"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-2375","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4637","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,14]]}}}