{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,23]],"date-time":"2026-08-23T17:32:17Z","timestamp":1787506337979,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,1]],"date-time":"2023-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1698796800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"NINDS","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23 NS125004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23 NS125004"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"NIMH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K01MH126079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01MH126079"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH2210251"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH2210251"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["W81XWH20-1\u20130775"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["W81XWH20-1\u20130775"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Virginia Department for Aging and Rehabilitation","award":["A262-90012"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A262-90012"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006663","name":"NIDRR","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["90SIMS0014-02\u201301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["90SIMS0014-02\u201301"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006663","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>An area of emerging interest in chronic pain populations concerns fear of pain and associated fear of movement (kinesiophobia)\u2014a cognitive appraisal pattern that is well-validated in non-headache chronic pain. However, there is limited research on whether this construct can be measured in a similar manner in headache populations.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The current project details a confirmatory factor analysis of the 12-Item Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia (TSK-12) using a clinical data set from 210 adults with diverse headache diagnoses presenting for care at a multidisciplinary pain clinic. One item (concerning an \u201caccident\u201d that initiated the pain condition) was excluded from analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Results of the confirmatory factor analysis for the remaining 12 items indicated adequate model fit for the previously established 2-factor structure (activity avoidance and bodily harm\/somatic focus subscales). In line with previous literature, total TSK-12 scores showed moderate correlations with pain severity, pain-related interference, positive and negative affect, depressive and anxious symptoms, and pain catastrophizing.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The current study is the first to examine the factor structure of the TSK-12 in an adult headache population. The results support the relevance of pain-related fear to the functional and psychosocial status of adults with chronic headache, although model fit of the TSK-12 could be characterized as adequate rather than optimal. Limitations of the study include heterogeneity in headache diagnosis and rates of comorbid non-headache chronic pain in the sample. Future studies should replicate these findings in more homogenous headache groups (eg, chronic migraine) and examine associations with behavioral indices and treatment response.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnad147","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,6]],"date-time":"2023-11-06T17:27:16Z","timestamp":1699291636000},"page":"187-193","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Initial validation of the 12-item Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia in a retrospective sample of adults with chronic headache"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"25","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6388-0920","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John A","family":"Sturgeon","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor, MI 48105,","place":["United 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