{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T08:19:04Z","timestamp":1783066744903,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,24]],"date-time":"2025-12-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766534400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001858","name":"Vinnova","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018-02244"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-02244"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Swedish Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2018-02476"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2018-02476"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Centre for Clinical Research S\u00f6rmland"},{"name":"Uppsala University Sweden","award":["736751"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["736751"]}]},{"name":"Uppsala University Sweden","award":["854531"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["854531"]}]},{"name":"Uppsala University Sweden","award":["930399"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["930399"]}]},{"name":"Regional Research Council Mid Sweden","award":["641551"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["641551"]}]},{"name":"Regional Research Council Mid Sweden","award":["838701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["838701"]}]},{"name":"Regional Research Council Mid Sweden","award":["939243"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["939243"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010805","name":"Medical Research Council of Southeast Sweden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["844451"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["844451"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010805","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010805","name":"Medical Research Council of Southeast Sweden","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["939838"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["939838"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010805","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"\u00d6sterg\u00f6tland County Council","award":["676261"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["676261"]}]},{"name":"\u00d6sterg\u00f6tland County Council","award":["847691"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["847691"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Chronic whiplash-associated disorders (WAD) can involve complex interactions between physical symptoms and psychological factors, and long-term effects of exercise programs are of interest. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a predominantly internet-based neck-specific exercise program (NSEIT) compared with the same neck-specific exercises (NSE) performed at a physiotherapy clinic on psychological outcomes in chronic WAD, including cognitive-behavioral factors (pain catastrophizing, fear-avoidance beliefs, self-efficacy), emotional distress (symptoms of depression, anxiety), and cognitive functioning. A further objective was to assess whether psychological factors moderated treatment effects on the primary outcome, neck-specific disability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This secondary analysis was based on a randomized multicenter trial. Participants (n\u2009=\u2009140) were randomized to NSEIT or NSE. Outcomes were assessed at baseline, 3\u00a0months, and 15\u00a0months. Psychological outcomes were analyzed with mixed-design analysis of variance. Moderation effects were tested by adding interaction terms (psychological factor\u00d7group) in linear regression models of neck-specific disability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>No significant group differences or group\u00d7time interactions were found for psychological outcomes. However, there were significant main effects of time for cognitive-behavioral factors and emotional distress in both groups (all P\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009.01), with small to intermediate effect sizes. Psychological factors did not moderate the treatment effects on neck-specific disability.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The internet-based format (NSEIT), involving fewer clinical visits, did not differ from the more comprehensive physiotherapist-led program (NSE) with regard to psychological outcomes. Improvements in cognitive-behavioral factors and emotional distress occurred over time in both groups. The internet-based format might be suitable regardless of psychological characteristics at baseline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Clinical trial registration<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>www.ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03022812 (December 20, 2016).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnaf179","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,19]],"date-time":"2025-12-19T12:52:23Z","timestamp":1766148743000},"page":"794-803","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of neck-specific exercises with and without internet-based support on psychological factors in chronic whiplash-associated disorders: secondary analyses of a randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4219-5075","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hedvig","family":"Zetterberg","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology and Social Work, Mid Sweden University , \u00d6stersund, SE-831 25,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Center for Health and Medical Psychology (CHAMP), School of Behavioral, Social, and Legal Sciences, \u00d6rebro University , \u00d6rebro, SE-701 82,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katja","family":"Boersma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Health and Medical Psychology (CHAMP), School of Behavioral, Social, and Legal Sciences, \u00d6rebro University , \u00d6rebro, SE-701 82,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anneli","family":"Peolsson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Medicine and Caring Sciences, Unit of Physiotherapy, Link\u00f6ping University , Link\u00f6ping, SE-581 83,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Occupational and Environmental Medicine Centre, Department of Health Medicine and Caring Sciences, Unit of Clinical Medicine, Link\u00f6ping University , Link\u00f6ping, SE-581 85,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Department of Health Medicine and Caring Science, Endocrinology Centre, Link\u00f6ping University hospital, Unit of Diagnostics and Specialist Medicine, Link\u00f6ping University , Link\u00f6ping, SE-581 85,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2492-0306","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gunnel","family":"Peterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Medicine and Caring Sciences, Unit of Physiotherapy, Link\u00f6ping University , Link\u00f6ping, SE-581 83,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Centre for Clinical Research S\u00f6rmland, Uppsala University , Eskilstuna, SE-631 88,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"279","DOI":"10.1080\/21679169.2020.1736150","article-title":"The course and factors associated with recovery of whiplash-associated disorders: an updated systematic review by the Ontario protocol for traffic injury management (OPTIMa) collaboration","volume":"23","author":"Shearer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Physiother"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1738","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000003554","article-title":"Differences in the clinical presentation of chronic whiplash-associated disorders and nontraumatic neck pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"166","author":"Chen","year":"2025","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1136\/ip.2005.010421","article-title":"A prospective cohort study of health outcomes following whiplash associated disorders in an Australian population","volume":"12","author":"Rebbeck","year":"2006","journal-title":"Inj Prev"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2013.4507","article-title":"Risk factors for persistent problems following acute whiplash injury: update of a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"43","author":"Walton","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2017.7455","article-title":"An integrated model of chronic whiplash-associated disorder","volume":"47","author":"Walton","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"15289","DOI":"10.1038\/srep15289","article-title":"Novel insights into the interplay between ventral neck muscles in individuals with whiplash-associated disorders","volume":"5","author":"Peterson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"755","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000597","article-title":"Psychological factors and the development of chronic whiplash\u2013associated disorder(s): a systematic review","volume":"34","author":"Campbell","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1588","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000000574","article-title":"The fear-avoidance model of pain","volume":"157","author":"Vlaeyen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"518","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejpain.2008.06.005","article-title":"The fear-avoidance model in whiplash injuries","volume":"13","author":"Nieto","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"562","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0207","article-title":"Catastrophizing, depression, and pain: correlation with and influence on quality of life and health\u2014a study of chronic whiplash-associated disorders","volume":"40","author":"B\u00f6rsbo","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/86.1.8","article-title":"A psychosocial risk factor\u2013targeted intervention for the prevention of chronic pain and disability following whiplash injury","volume":"86","author":"Sullivan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"133","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(14)60457-8","article-title":"Comprehensive physiotherapy exercise programme or advice for chronic whiplash (PROMISE): a pragmatic randomised controlled trial","volume":"384","author":"Michaleff","year":"2014","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2137","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002939","article-title":"Lost in implementation: risk stratified care for musculoskeletal pain","volume":"164","author":"George","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2216","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002940","article-title":"Implementation of a risk-stratified, guideline-based clinical pathway of care to improve health outcomes following whiplash injury (Whiplash ImPaCT): a multicentre, randomized, controlled trial","volume":"164","author":"Rebbeck","year":"2023","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2017.7138","article-title":"The role of exercise and patient education in the noninvasive management of whiplash","volume":"47","author":"Rebbeck","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"232","DOI":"10.1515\/sjpain-2021-0064","article-title":"Exercise therapy for whiplash-associated disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"22","author":"Chrcanovic","year":"2022","journal-title":"Scand J Pain"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2015.10.087","article-title":"Effects of neck-specific exercises compared to waiting list for individuals with chronic whiplash-associated disorders: a prospective, randomized controlled study","volume":"97","author":"Peolsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"294","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000123","article-title":"The effect of neck-specific exercise with, or without a behavioral approach, on pain, disability, and self-efficacy in chronic whiplash-associated disorders: a randomized clinical trial","volume":"31","author":"Ludvigsson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin J Pain"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-2041","article-title":"One- and two-year follow-up of a randomized trial of neck-specific exercise with or without a behavioural approach compared with prescription of physical activity in chronic whiplash disorder","volume":"48","author":"Ludvigsson","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e4430","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000004430","article-title":"The effect of neck-specific exercise with or without a behavioral approach on psychological factors in chronic whiplash-associated disorders: a randomized controlled trial with a 2-year follow-up","volume":"95","author":"Overmeer","year":"2016","journal-title":"Medicine (Baltimore)"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-017-1853-1","article-title":"Neck-specific exercises with internet-based support compared to neck-specific exercises at a physiotherapy clinic for chronic whiplash-associated disorders: study protocol of a randomized controlled multicentre trial","volume":"18","author":"Peolsson","year":"2017","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e43888","DOI":"10.2196\/43888","article-title":"Efficacy of neck-specific exercise with internet support versus neck-specific exercise at a physiotherapy clinic in chronic whiplash-associated disorders: multicenter randomized controlled noninferiority trial","volume":"25","author":"Peterson","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res."},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"598","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000201241.90914.22","article-title":"The reliability and construct validity of the neck disability index and patient specific functional scale in patients with cervical radiculopathy","volume":"31","author":"Cleland","year":"2006","journal-title":"Spine (Phila Pa 1976)"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2020-102955","article-title":"World Health Organization 2020 guidelines on physical activity and sedentary behaviour","volume":"54","author":"Bull","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.7.4.524","article-title":"The Pain Catastrophizing Scale: development and validation","volume":"7","author":"Sullivan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychol Assess"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1005548801037","article-title":"The Pain Catastrophizing Scale: further psychometric evaluation with adult samples","volume":"23","author":"Osman","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Behav Med"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B27","author":"Sullivan","year":"2009"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1016\/0304-3959(93)90127-B","article-title":"A Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) and the role of fear-avoidance beliefs in chronic low back pain and disability","volume":"52","author":"Waddell","year":"1993","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B29","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"193","DOI":"10.1002\/pri.1545","article-title":"Assessing fear-avoidance beliefs in patients with cervical radiculopathy","volume":"18","author":"Dedering","year":"2013","journal-title":"Physiother Res Int"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2008.2647","article-title":"Investigation of elevated fear-avoidance beliefs for patients with low back pain: a secondary analysis involving patients enrolled in physical therapy clinical trials","volume":"38","author":"George","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-0167.40.3.335","article-title":"Role of self-efficacy in rehabilitation outcome among chronic low back pain patients","volume":"40","author":"Altmaier","year":"1993","journal-title":"J Couns Psychol"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3999(01)00296-3","article-title":"The validity of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale","volume":"52","author":"Bjelland","year":"2002","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"110256","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpsychores.2020.110256","article-title":"Depression prevalence using the HADS-D compared to SCID major depression classification: an individual participant data meta-analysis","volume":"139","author":"Brehaut","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Psychosom Res"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1515","DOI":"10.1080\/00140139.2013.821172","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire","volume":"56","author":"Bridger","year":"2013","journal-title":"Ergonomics"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"596","DOI":"10.1002\/da.20837","article-title":"Synthesis of the psychometric properties of the PTSD checklist (PCL) military, civilian, and specific versions","volume":"28","author":"Wilkins","year":"2011","journal-title":"Depress Anxiety"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(96)00033-2","article-title":"Psychometric properties of the PTSD checklist (PCL)","volume":"34","author":"Blanchard","year":"1996","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"491","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jmpt.2008.08.006","article-title":"The Neck Disability Index: state-of-the-art, 1991\u20132008","volume":"31","author":"Vernon","year":"2008","journal-title":"J Manipulative Physiol Ther"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B38","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"339","DOI":"10.1177\/1357633X16628996","article-title":"Role of telerehabilitation in patients following total knee arthroplasty: evidence from a systematic literature review and meta-analysis","volume":"23","author":"Shukla","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Telemed Telecare"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/bjgpopen20X101092","article-title":"Experiences of patients and physiotherapists with blended internet-based vestibular rehabilitation: a qualitative interview study","volume":"4","author":"Van Vugt","year":"2020","journal-title":"BJGP Open"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.08.030","article-title":"Randomized controlled trial of exercise for chronic whiplash-associated disorders","volume":"128","author":"Stewart","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"442","DOI":"10.3109\/09638288.2015.1044036","article-title":"Basic body awareness therapy or exercise therapy for the treatment of chronic whiplash associated disorders: a randomized comparative clinical trial","volume":"38","author":"Seferiadis","year":"2016","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B43","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"169","DOI":"10.1080\/16506070802078970","article-title":"Can exposure and acceptance strategies improve functioning and life satisfaction in people with chronic pain and whiplash-associated disorders (WAD)? A randomized controlled trial","volume":"37","author":"Wicksell","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cogn Behav Ther"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B44","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2012.11.011","article-title":"The role of fear of movement in subacute whiplash-associated disorders grades I and II","volume":"154","author":"Robinson","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B45","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e67991","DOI":"10.2196\/67991","article-title":"Factors related to pain and disability outcomes after an internet-delivered or physiotherapist-led exercise program for individuals with chronic whiplash symptoms: secondary analysis of a randomized controlled study","volume":"12","author":"Peterson","year":"2025","journal-title":"JMIR Hum Factors."},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B46","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2005.10.011","article-title":"Reduction of pain catastrophizing mediates the outcome of both physical and cognitive-behavioral treatment in chronic low back pain","volume":"7","author":"Smeets","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B47","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1002\/art.21466","article-title":"Exercise, self-efficacy, and mobility performance in overweight and obese older adults with knee osteoarthritis","volume":"53","author":"Focht","year":"2005","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B48","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"913","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pmrj.2015.03.014","article-title":"Modulation of cervical facet joint nociception and pain attenuates physical and psychological features of chronic whiplash: a prospective study","volume":"7","author":"Smith","year":"2015","journal-title":"Pm R"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B49","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1037\/ccp0000801","article-title":"Cognitive therapy, mindfulness-based stress reduction, and behavior therapy for people with chronic low back pain: a comparative mechanisms study","volume":"91","author":"Burns","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Consult Clin Psychol"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B50","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1097\/j.pain.0000000000002117","article-title":"Trauma-focused cognitive behavioural therapy and exercise for chronic whiplash with comorbid posttraumatic stress disorder: a randomised controlled trial","volume":"162","author":"Andersen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2026070303520590100_pnaf179-B51","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1515\/sjpain-2019-0016","article-title":"The importance of emotional distress, cognitive behavioural factors and pain for life impact at baseline and for outcomes after rehabilitation\u2014a SQRP study of more than 20,000 chronic pain patients","volume":"19","author":"Gerdle","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scand J Pain"}],"container-title":["Pain Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/painmedicine\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/pm\/pnaf179\/66121215\/pnaf179.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/painmedicine\/article-pdf\/27\/7\/794\/66121215\/pnaf179.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/painmedicine\/article-pdf\/27\/7\/794\/66121215\/pnaf179.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T07:52:40Z","timestamp":1783065160000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/painmedicine\/article\/27\/7\/794\/8403759"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/pm\/pnaf179","relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-2375","1526-4637"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-2375","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4637","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,7]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]}}}