{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,2]],"date-time":"2026-08-02T18:47:09Z","timestamp":1785696429963,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Large Research Project","award":["RGP2\/594\/46"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RGP2\/594\/46"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Neuromodulation therapy is gaining importance in managing chronic neuropathic pain. This network meta-analysis aims to compare the efficacy and safety of spinal cord stimulation (SCS), peripheral nerve stimulation (PNS), pulsed radiofrequency (PRF), and their combinations in the management of herpes zoster (HZ)-related pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We searched Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, PubMed, and Web of Science from inception until August 27, 2025. Clinical trials and observational studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of SCS, PNS, PRF, or their combinations in HZ-related pain were included. Mean difference (MD) and risk ratio (RR) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eleven studies (1035 patients) were included. When compared to the reference group (PRF), SCS+PRF achieved the greatest reduction in pain intensity (MD: \u22123.58 points, 95% CI: \u22125.05 to \u22122.12) and the highest treatment success rate (RR: 2.54, 95% CI;: 1.45 to 4.45). PNS+PRF demonstrated the most significant improvement in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score (MD: \u22121.75 points, 95% CI: \u22123.24 to \u22120.27), while SCS alone showed the greatest reduction in pregabalin dose (MD: \u221236.58\u2009mg, 95% CI: \u221268.93 to \u22124.24), physical role (MD: 9.70 points, 95% CI: 6.21 to 13.19), and bodily pain (MD: 8.42 points, 95% CI: 2.10 to 14.73) domains of the Short Form-36 (SF-36) score, while no significant differences were observed among the interventions regarding the physical function domain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combination neuromodulation therapies, particularly SCS+PRF, may provide superior pain relief. PNS+PRF and PNS also showed marked improvements in sleep quality, whereas SCS was most effective in reducing pregabalin use and enhancing SF-36 scores.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnag049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T12:48:55Z","timestamp":1774702135000},"page":"904-916","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Spinal cord stimulation, peripheral nerve stimulation, and pulsed radiofrequency in the management of herpes zoster\u2013related pain: a network meta-analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"27","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-9449-5707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haneen","family":"Sabet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University , Qena,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5101-5972","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Abdallah","family":"Abbas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University , Damietta,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Johnson S","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NJ Spine and Orthopedic, Department of Interventional Pain Management , West Orange, NJ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"El-Moslemani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Al-Azhar University , Damietta,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dina Essam","family":"Abo-elnour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University , Zagazig,","place":["Egypt"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majed","family":"Aldehri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University , Abha,","place":["Saudi Arabia"]},{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University Medical Center , Maastricht,","place":["Netherlands"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim","family":"Alnaami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, King Khalid University , Abha,","place":["Saudi Arabia"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5622-1115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed M","family":"Raslan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurological Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University , Portland, OR,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080203522310800_pnag049-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23280","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-025-06289-y","article-title":"Comparative efficacy and safety of pulsed radiofrequency versus spinal cord stimulation in thoracic herpes zoster pain: a retrospective study","volume":"15","author":"Feng","year":"2025","journal-title":"Sci Rep"},{"key":"2026080203522310800_pnag049-B2","first-page":"215","article-title":"Efficacy of pulsed radiofrequency or short-term spinal cord stimulation for acute\/subacute zoster-related pain: a randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Wan","year":"2021","journal-title":"Pain 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