{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T16:16:55Z","timestamp":1777479415962,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":17,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective.\u2002In this study, we were interested in determining whether we could alter a pain response in a chronic pain patient population by exposing participants to different videos prior to inducing acute pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Design.\u2002This observational case series study required participants to report their pain level during the cold pressor task after viewing an instruction video.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Setting.\u2002Recruitment and testing took place in a tertiary care multidisciplinary pain center.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Subjects.\u2002Forty adults with chronic pain participated in the study and completed the cold pressor test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Methods.\u2002Prior to testing, questionnaires measuring pain, empathy, and catastrophic thinking were completed and participants were randomized to view an instructional video where an actress either demonstrated pain behavior or a stoic response during the cold pressor test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results.\u2002Participants with higher levels of catastrophizing reported higher pain levels during the cold pressor test. Personal Distress Empathy measures of participants who viewed the pain catastrophizing video were significantly correlated with their final pain reports. Following the cold pressor task, participants\u2019 pain reports for their primary chronic pain sites were significantly reduced.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusions.\u2002These results support previous findings that people with chronic pain show the tendency toward increased acute pain experience if levels of catastrophizing and Personal Distress Empathy measures are higher. Participants reported attenuated chronic pain following induced pain, also in line with previous research suggesting a central endogenous inhibitory effect. Our findings shed light on the role of emotional and social components affecting the experience of pain in individuals with chronic pain.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/pm\/pnw186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,25]],"date-time":"2016-08-25T20:39:22Z","timestamp":1472157562000},"page":"871-878","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["The Effect of Social Observational Learning, Empathy and Catastrophizing in Chronic Pain Patients During Acute Pain Induction"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Dmitry Y.","family":"Yakunchikov","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"*Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camille J.","family":"Olechowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u2020Centre for Neuroscience University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark K.","family":"Simmonds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michelle J.","family":"Verrier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saifudin","family":"Rashiq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lachlan A.","family":"McWilliams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"\u2021Department of Psychology, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Igor A.","family":"Sobolev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce D.","family":"Dick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"*Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(98)00097-9","article-title":"Catastrophizing, pain, and disability in patients with soft-tissue injuries","volume":"77","author":"Sullivan","year":"1998","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0005-7967(97)10008-0","article-title":"Attentional disruption is enhanced by the threat of pain","volume":"36","author":"Crombez","year":"1998","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1155\/2002\/576792","article-title":"The effects of catastrophic thinking about pain on attentional interference by pain: No mediation of negative affectivity in healthy volunteers and in patients with low back pain","volume":"7","author":"Crombez","year":"2002","journal-title":"Pain Res Manag"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/S0304-3959(00)00259-1","article-title":"Do fibromyalgia patients display hypervigilance for innocuous somatosensory stimuli? Application of a body scanning reaction time paradigm","volume":"86","author":"Peters","year":"2000","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199503150-00014","article-title":"Psychosocial predictors of outcome in acute and subchronic low back trouble","volume":"20","author":"Burton","year":"1995","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"270","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.06.019","article-title":"The influence of communication goals and physical demands on different dimensions of pain behavior","volume":"125","author":"Sullivan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1016\/j.brat.2004.10.006","article-title":"Effects of varied-stimulus exposure on overpredictions of pain and behavioural performance in low back pain patients","volume":"43","author":"Goubert","year":"2005","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1016\/j.conb.2008.07.012","article-title":"I feel how you feel but not always: The empathic brain and its modulation","volume":"18","author":"Hein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Curr Opin Neurobiol"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"168","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.07.017","article-title":"Empathy hurts: Compassion for another increases both sensory and affective components of pain perception","volume":"136","author":"Loggia","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"524","DOI":"10.1037\/1040-3590.7.4.524","article-title":"The pain catastrophizing scale: Development and validation","volume":"7","author":"Sullivan","year":"1995","journal-title":"Psychol Assessment"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B11","first-page":"85","article-title":"A multidimensional approach to individual differences in empathy","volume":"10","author":"Davis","year":"1980","journal-title":"JSAS Catalog Selected Doc Psychol"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1525","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2011.02.039","article-title":"The multilevel organization of vicarious pain responses: Effects of pain cues and empathy traits on spinal nociception and acute pain","volume":"152","author":"Vachon-Presseau","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"752","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2005.07.015","article-title":"Empathy examined through the neural mechanisms involved in imagining how I feel versus how you feel pain","volume":"44","author":"Jackson","year":"2006","journal-title":"Neuropsychologia"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"408","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpain.2009.10.009","article-title":"Perspective on diffuse noxious inhibitory controls as a model of endogenous pain modulation in clinical pain syndromes","volume":"11","author":"van Wijk","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Pain"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2007.06.029","article-title":"Determinants of endogenous analgesia magnitude in a diffuse noxious inhibitory control (DNIC) paradigm: Do conditioning stimulus painfulness, gender and personality variables matter?","volume":"136","author":"Granot","year":"2008","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2006.08.008","article-title":"The empathic brain: How, when and why?","volume":"10","author":"de Vignemont","year":"2006","journal-title":"Trends Cogn Sci"},{"key":"2025102705320416200_pnw186-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1419","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.12.056","article-title":"Seeing the pain of others while being in pain: A laser-evoked potentials study","volume":"40","author":"Valeriani","year":"2008","journal-title":"Neuroimage"}],"container-title":["Pain Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/painmedicine\/article-pdf\/18\/5\/871\/64953852\/painmedicine_18_5_871.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/painmedicine\/article-pdf\/18\/5\/871\/64953852\/painmedicine_18_5_871.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T09:32:14Z","timestamp":1761557534000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/painmedicine\/article\/18\/5\/871\/2924753"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,13]]},"references-count":17,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,13]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,5,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/pm\/pnw186","relation":{},"ISSN":["1526-2375","1526-4637"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1526-2375","type":"print"},{"value":"1526-4637","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2017,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,8,13]]}}}