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The reality is that climate change-related threats are unpredictable; thus, adaptive behavior must be continually performed even when threat saliency decreases (e.g. time has passed since climate-hazard exposure). Climate change-related threats are also intensifying; thus, new or more adaptive behaviors must be performed over time. Given the need to sustain climate change-related adaptation even when threat saliency decreases, it becomes essential to better understand how the relationship between risk perceptions and adaptation co-evolve over time. In this study, we present results from a probability-based representative sample of 2,774 Texas and Florida residents prospectively surveyed 5 times (2017\u20132022) in the presence and absence of exposure to tropical cyclones, a climate change-related threat. Distinct trajectories of personal risk perceptions emerged, with higher and more variable risk perceptions among the less educated and those living in Florida. Importantly, as tropical cyclone adaptation behaviors increased, personal risk perceptions decreased over time, particularly in the absence of storms, while future tropical cyclone risk perceptions remained constant. In sum, adapting occurs in response to current risk but may inhibit future action despite increasing future tropical cyclone risks. Our results suggest that programs and policies encouraging proactive adaptation investment may be warranted.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/pnasnexus\/pgae099","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]],"date-time":"2024-04-09T09:09:42Z","timestamp":1712653782000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["A longitudinal investigation of risk perceptions and adaptation behavior in the US Gulf Coast"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"3","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5207-7489","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabrielle","family":"Wong-Parodi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Earth System Science, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305 , USA"},{"name":"Woods Institute for the Environment, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305 , USA"},{"name":"Department of Environmental Social Sciences, Stanford University , Stanford, CA 94305 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3674-4290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel P","family":"Relihan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychological Science, University of California at Irvine , Irvine, CA 92697 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dana Rose","family":"Garfin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Community Health Sciences, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California at Los Angeles , Los Angeles, CA 90095 , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024043008134349600_pgae099-B1","article-title":"Climate change is hitting the planet faster than scientists originally thought","author":"Tollefson","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"2024043008134349600_pgae099-B2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Contribution of working group II to the sixth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change","author":"IPCC","year":"2022"},{"key":"2024043008134349600_pgae099-B3","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Contribution of working group I to the sixth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change","author":"IPCC","year":"2021"},{"key":"2024043008134349600_pgae099-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.1038\/s41558-018-0371-y","article-title":"Meta-analyses of factors motivating climate change adaptation behaviour","volume":"9","author":"van Valkengoed","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat Clim Change"},{"key":"2024043008134349600_pgae099-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16481","DOI":"10.1007\/s10668-021-01327-x","article-title":"The relationship between country and individual household wealth and climate change concern: the mediating role of control","volume":"23","author":"Nauges","year":"2021","journal-title":"Environ Dev Sustain"},{"key":"2024043008134349600_pgae099-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102274","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gloenvcha.2021.102274","article-title":"How stable are Australian farmers\u2019 climate change risk perceptions? 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