{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,6]],"date-time":"2026-10-06T22:34:27Z","timestamp":1791326067733,"version":"4.3.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]],"date-time":"2024-09-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726704000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Grant Council of Hong Kong","award":["T13-602\/21-N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T13-602\/21-N"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005847","name":"Health and Medical Research Fund","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005847","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100005407","name":"Food and Health Bureau","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100005407","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","award":["17180701"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["17180701"]}]},{"name":"The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","award":["Direct Grant of CUHK"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Direct Grant of CUHK"]}]},{"name":"The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","award":["Lo Kwee Seong Start-Up Fund"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Lo Kwee Seong Start-Up Fund"]}]},{"name":"The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","award":["Hong Kong Research Matching Fund"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Hong Kong Research Matching Fund"]}]},{"name":"The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","award":["RMG01-8601386"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RMG01-8601386"]}]},{"name":"The Government of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region","award":["16173011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16173011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Infertility is associated with the alteration of the seminal microbiome. However, the onset of dysbiosis remains controversial and the involvement of host factors remains elusive. This study investigates the alterations of the seminal microbiome in male infertility and examines the association and function of DEFB119, a reproductive-tract-specific host antimicrobial peptide, on the seminal microbiome and male fertility. While we observed comparable genera, diversity and evenness of bacterial communities, a marked decrease in the modularity of the metacommunities was observed in patients with abnormal spermiogram (n = 57) as compared to the control (n = 30). A marked elevation of DEFB119 was observed in a subpopulation of male infertile patients (n = 5). Elevated seminal DEFB119 was associated with a decrease in the observed genera, diversity and evenness of bacterial communities, and further distortion of the metacommunities. Mediation analysis suggests the involvement of elevated DEFB119 and dysbiosis of the seminal microbiome in mediating the abnormalities in the spermiogram. Functional experiments showed that recombinant DEFB119 significantly decrease the progressive motility of sperm in patients with abnormal spermiogram. Moreover, DEFB119 demonstrated species-specific antimicrobial activity against common seminal and nonseminal species. Our work identifies an important host factor that mediates the host\u2013microbiome interaction and stratifies the seminal microbiome associated with male infertility. These results may lead to a new diagnostic method for male infertility and regimens for formulating the microbiome in the reproductive tract and other organ systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/pnasnexus\/pgae419","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,19]],"date-time":"2024-09-19T18:14:36Z","timestamp":1726769676000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["DEFB119 stratifies dysbiosis with distorted networks in the seminal microbiome associated with male infertility"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Jing","family":"Jin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , \u00a0 SAR","place":["Hong Kong"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2076-4361","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Howard Chi Ho","family":"Yim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and 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Kei","family":"Choy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , \u00a0 SAR","place":["Hong Kong"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0000-7881-0597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sze Yan","family":"Chan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , \u00a0 SAR","place":["Hong Kong"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9279-5741","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Odai A M","family":"Alqawasmeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong , \u00a0 SAR","place":["Hong 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