{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,27]],"date-time":"2026-02-27T01:29:03Z","timestamp":1772155743885,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"British Academy's Heritage Dignity","award":["HDV190133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HDV190133"]}]},{"name":"University of Bristol's Research Fellowship Scheme"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Changing social norms, shared beliefs about what is acceptable, is a key focus of global health campaigns aimed at ending intimate partner violence against women (IPVAW). In Ethiopia, it is estimated that one in four women have been assaulted by a male partner, and over half the population hold attitudes supportive of this form of violence. To date, efforts to change people's attitudes towards IPVAW have been hindered by uncertainty over how social norms are acquired or learned. Here, we consider whether people's acceptance of IPVAW is maintained through social influence or \u201ccontagion,\u201d using large-scale sociocentric social network data from 5,163 Arsi Oromo farmers in south-central Ethiopia. Bayesian analyses reveal that IPVAW attitudes cluster within social networks. People are more likely to accept IPVAW if the people they chat to, respect, or live with do too. However, exploration of the relationships between social ties indicates that this effect is gender stratified, i.e. driven by same-gender connections. Meanwhile, having IPVAW-accepting social ties of the opposite gender is predictive of a person rejecting IPVAW. Our results indicate that transmission paths may exist among social ties of the same gender: between friends and neighbors, from key respected community figures, and within and beyond households. This suggests that IPVAW prevention interventions that seek to target men and women, including key respected community figures of each gender, will be most effective in reducing the acceptability of IPVAW and thus eradicating this form of violence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/pnasnexus\/pgaf282","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T09:39:11Z","timestamp":1756892351000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Gender-biased clustering of attitudes towards physical intimate partner violence: A social network analysis in south-central Ethiopia"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"4","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7963-4759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mhairi A","family":"Gibson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Bristol , 43 Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 IUU ,","place":["United Kingdom"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7487-0058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eshetu","family":"Gurmu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Gender and Population Studies, Institute of Social and Economic Research, Addis Ababa University , Addis Ababa 1176 ,","place":["Ethiopia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3151-9919","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandra","family":"Alvergne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ISEM, University of Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, EPHE, Montpellier ,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2809-8121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Redhead","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, University of Groningen, Grote Rozenstraat 31, 9712 TG, Groningen, The \u00a0","place":["Netherlands"]},{"name":"Interuniversity Center for Social Sciences Theory and Methodology, University of Groningen , Grote Rozenstraat 31, 9712 TG, Groningen ,","place":["The Netherlands"]},{"name":"Department of Human Behavior, Ecology and Culture, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology , Deutscher Platz 6, 04103 Leipzig ,","place":["Germany"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0542-7540","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah","family":"Myers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anthropology and Archaeology, University of Bristol , 43 Woodland Road, Bristol BS8 IUU ,","place":["United Kingdom"]},{"name":"BirthRites Lise Meitner Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology , Leipzig 04103 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