{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,10]],"date-time":"2025-09-10T21:46:52Z","timestamp":1757540812523,"version":"3.44.0"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1199","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]],"date-time":"2025-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Fund","award":["12023C1004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12023C1004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>With rising demand for non-invasive body contouring, this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of non-focused, low-intensity ultrasound for lower abdominal lipolysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The enrolled subjects prospectively received 6 weekly sessions of well-setting ultrasound treatment with frequency of 1\u00a0MHz and an intensity of 2.2\u00a0W\/cm2, to target the subcutaneous fat of lower abdomen with three regions (left, middle, and right). Evaluations included ultrasound measurements and blood biochemical analyses at the baseline, pre-4th session, and at 1 and 2-month post-treatment points to confirm the efficacy and safety.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 17 subjects completed the whole treatment. Significant reductions in superficial abdominal fat layer thickness of all three regions were observed (all P-values of ANOVA &amp;lt;0.001), without severe adverse events reported. Post-hoc analysis showed the superficial fat layers of all the three regions at 1-month post-treatment significant reductions comparing the baseline (all adjusted P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). The reduction effects for superficial fat layers were still available at the 2-month post-treatment follow-up at the left and middle regions. Conversely, there was no significant improvements among the deep fat layers at the three regions.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Non-focused, low-intensity ultrasound demonstrate its potential of efficacy and safety for reducing superficial abdominal fat, and may maintain the capability for at least two months. Further studies are needed to confirm long-term efficacy and optimize treatment parameters.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\u00a0 What is already known on this topic? Non-focused ultrasound with low-intensity is recognized for its potential in non-invasive body contouring, but detailed efficacy and safety data were limited, especially for lower abdominal lipolysis. What this study adds? Our research demonstrated the efficacy and safety of non-focused ultrasound with low-intensity in reducing superficial abdominal fat, with sustained effects for at least two months. How this study might affect research, practice, or policy? This study could guide future researches toward long-term effects and optimization of ultrasound treatments, and influence clinical practice by providing a validated method for non-invasive fat reduction.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/postmj\/qgaf008","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,12]],"date-time":"2025-01-12T15:14:18Z","timestamp":1736694858000},"page":"814-819","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Efficacy and safety of non-focused low-intensity ultrasound technology for subcutaneous lipolysis in the lower abdomen: a clinical study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"101","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4822-2345","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jieying","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University , No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing 102218 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lujia","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University , No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing 102218 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shihong","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University , No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing 102218 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Shao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University , No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing 102218 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University , No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing 102218 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chuan","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University , No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing 102218 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University , No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing 102218 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yikang","family":"Hou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University , No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing 102218 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xueyin","family":"Liao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University , No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing 102218 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meina","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University , No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing 102218 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cuicui","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University , No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing 102218 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xuemei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University , No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing 102218 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jianmin","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University , No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing 102218 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Plastic Surgery, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University , No. 168 Litang Road, Changping District, Beijing 102218 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1057\/9780230596887_13","volume-title":"The Body Beautiful","author":"Calogero","year":"2007"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/mono.12060","article-title":"Physical attractiveness and the accumulation of social and human capital in adolescence and young adulthood: assets and distractions","volume":"78","author":"Gordon","year":"2013","journal-title":"Monogr Soc Res Child Dev"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"441","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjpt.2019.07.005","article-title":"Effects of cryolipolysis on lower abdomen fat thickness of healthy women and patient satisfaction: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Falster","year":"2020","journal-title":"Braz J Phys Ther"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2635","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.15929","article-title":"Noninvasive lipolysis modalities in aesthetic medicine","volume":"22","author":"Wolska","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2704","DOI":"10.1109\/TBME.2018.2889669","article-title":"A review of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound for therapeutic applications","volume":"66","author":"Jiang","year":"2019","journal-title":"IEEE Trans Biomed Eng"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1445","DOI":"10.1038\/s42255-021-00493-6","article-title":"Lipolysis: cellular mechanisms for lipid mobilization from fat stores","volume":"3","author":"Grabner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat Metab"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2476","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.15745","article-title":"Successful treatment of submental fat using a non-focused pulsed ultrasound","volume":"22","author":"Somji","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4701481","DOI":"10.1155\/2017\/4701481","article-title":"The effects of low-intensity ultrasound on fat reduction of rat model","volume":"2017","author":"Zhou","year":"2017","journal-title":"Biomed Res Int"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1177\/1090820X12469627","article-title":"The effects of nonfocused external ultrasound on tissue temperature and adipocyte morphology","volume":"33","author":"Garcia","year":"2013","journal-title":"Aesthet Surg J"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15101","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.15101","article-title":"A novel nonfocused pulsed ultrasound technology for noninvasive circumference reduction","volume":"34","author":"Verner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"806","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.39335.541782.AD","article-title":"Strengthening the reporting of observational studies in epidemiology (STROBE) statement: guidelines for reporting observational studies","volume":"335","author":"von Elm","year":"2007","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e15373","DOI":"10.1111\/dth.15373","article-title":"A randomized, double-blind, multi-center, placebo-controlled, phase 2 clinical trial to evaluate the efficacy and safety of DWJ211 in the treatment of moderate to severe submental fat","volume":"35","author":"Paik","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dermatol Ther"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2018","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.15684","article-title":"Efficacy of Endolift laser for arm and under abdomen fat reduction","volume":"22","author":"Nilforoushzadeh","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"959","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-014-0391-6","article-title":"Noninvasive body contouring: biological and aesthetic effects of low-frequency, low-intensity ultrasound device","volume":"38","author":"Tonucci","year":"2014","journal-title":"Aesth Plast Surg"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"202","DOI":"10.1111\/jocd.12101","article-title":"Effect of low-intensity, low-frequency ultrasound treatment on anthropometry, subcutaneous adipose tissue, and body composition of young normal weight females","volume":"13","author":"Milanese","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Cosmet Dermatol"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2679","DOI":"10.1007\/s00266-023-03369-0","article-title":"Assessment of the efficacy of Cryolipolysis on abdominal fat deposits: a prospective study","volume":"47","author":"Coiante","year":"2023","journal-title":"Aesth Plast Surg"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.2174\/1876976401003010011","article-title":"Noninvasive body contouring by low frequency ultrasound: a clinical study","volume":"3","author":"Baldi","year":"2010","journal-title":"Open Reconstructive & Cosmetic Surgery"},{"key":"2025081806221154500_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.5935\/scd1984-8773.201791648","article-title":"Non-invasive treatment with transcutaneous non-focused ultrasound for the reduction of abdominal subcutaneous tissue","volume":"9","author":"Mutti","year":"2017","journal-title":"Surg Cosmet Dermatol"}],"container-title":["Postgraduate Medical Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/101\/1199\/814\/61538805\/qgaf008.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article-pdf\/101\/1199\/814\/61538805\/qgaf008.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,18]],"date-time":"2025-08-18T10:22:21Z","timestamp":1755512541000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pmj\/article\/101\/1199\/814\/7966764"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1199","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,17]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/postmj\/qgaf008","relation":{},"ISSN":["0032-5473","1469-0756"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0032-5473"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1469-0756"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,22]]}}}