{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T20:21:21Z","timestamp":1777494081617,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":81,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1207","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]],"date-time":"2025-12-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766966400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction is rising in India and thus so is Graves\u2019 disease (GD). The phenotype of Indian GD is different than in Caucasians and is characterized by lower age at onset, lower female to male ratio, delayed diagnosis, more signs and symptoms, lower body mass index (BMI) and weight, lower prevalence of Graves\u2019 orbitopathy (GO), more inactive GO, lower doses of carbimazole being more effective, different markers of remission, and other things. Mechanistic studies are urgently needed to characterize the pathophysiology of Indian GD. Prevention, early diagnosis, and adequate treatment of GD should become urgently a public health priority in India.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/postmj\/qgaf204","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T13:10:24Z","timestamp":1762002624000},"page":"392-399","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Graves\u2019 disease in India: epidemiological, clinical, and genetic differences from Caucasians"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"102","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8840-5691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shailendra Kumar","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine, Endocrine Clinic , Gilat Bazar, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221002 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rina","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine, Endocrine Clinic , Gilat Bazar, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221002 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arun Kumar","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Lucknow Endocrine Diabetes and Thyroid Clinic , 2\/1 Vivek Khand, Gomtinagar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226010 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vanshika","family":"Singh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, King George\u2019s Medical University , Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, 226003 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alankar","family":"Tiwari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Endocrine, Diabetes and Endocrine Care Superspeciality Clinic , Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221005 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pradeep Kumar","family":"Rai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Opal Hospital , Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221006 ,","place":["India"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026042810564273100_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0184-y","article-title":"Graves\u2019 disease","volume":"6","author":"Davies","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2026042810564273100_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1552","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1510030","article-title":"Graves\u2019 disease","volume":"375","author":"Smith","year":"2016","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2026042810564273100_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"301","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2018.18","article-title":"Global epidemiology of hyperthyroidism and 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