{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T11:54:14Z","timestamp":1790337254024,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]],"date-time":"2025-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762646400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100014219","name":"National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82425015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82425015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100014219","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82171102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82171102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2023YFA0915003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2023YFA0915003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Shanghai Medical Innovation Research Program","award":["22Y21900900"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22Y21900900"]}]},{"name":"\u201cDawn\u201d Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission China","award":["24SG11"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24SG11"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan for Cell and Gene Therapy","award":["24J22800500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24J22800500"]}]},{"name":"Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan for Advanced Materials","award":["24CL2900802"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24CL2900802"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Meibomian glands (MGs) are holocrine glands that secrete lipids to maintain the homeostasis of the ocular surface, and their dysfunction leads to dry eye disease. Herein, we established long-term 3D organoid culture for murine and human MGs, which retained the cell lineages and lipid-producing ability. The organoids mimicked the drug treatment responses and generated functional MGs after orthotopic transplantation. Inspired by organoid cultures, we found FGF10 eye drops could rescue all-trans retinoic acid-induced MG dysfunction in mice. Besides, nicotinamide uniquely hampered the human MG organoid expansion by inhibiting FGF10 signaling. Single-cell atlas and lipidome not only aligned the delineated cell types and featured lipids between human MGs and organoids, but also highlighted MAPK signaling inhibition enhanced acinar cell differentiation and functional maturation of MG organoids. In summary, this study established an organoid platform to explore epithelial homeostasis and dysfunction of MGs, facilitating drug development and regenerative medicine for dry eye disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/procel\/pwaf095","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T13:02:30Z","timestamp":1762520550000},"page":"775-789","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Human meibomian gland organoids to study epithelial homeostasis and dysfunction"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Chuyue","family":"Yu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330031,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disorders, Fudan University , Shanghai 200031,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xichen","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disorders, Fudan University , Shanghai 200031,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinsong","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330031,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhaoting","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330031,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingru","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330031,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoye","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330031,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yabo","family":"Mi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330031,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiming","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330031,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Eye & ENT Hospital of Fudan University , Shanghai 200031,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xujiao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disorders, Fudan University , Shanghai 200031,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qihua","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disorders, Fudan University , Shanghai 200031,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jianjiang","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disorders, Fudan University , Shanghai 200031,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disorders, Fudan University , Shanghai 200031,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinghuai","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disorders, Fudan University , Shanghai 200031,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xingtao","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disorders, Fudan University , Shanghai 200031,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiaxu","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Eye & ENT Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Disorders, Fudan University , Shanghai 200031,","place":["China"]},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Myopia and Related Eye Diseases , Shanghai 200031,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Disease Gene Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Synthetic Immunology , Shanghai 200032,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Fudan University, National Pediatric Medical Center of China , Shanghai 201102,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9891-3569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bing","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Basic Medical Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Innovation, The First Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University , Nanchang 330031,","place":["China"]},{"name":"Z Lab, bioGenous BIOTECH , Shanghai 200438,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.2337\/diabetes.55.02.06.db05-0963","article-title":"Inhibition of p38MAPK increases adipogenesis from embryonic to adult stages","volume":"55","author":"Aouadi","year":"2006","journal-title":"Diabetes"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bcp.2005.02.003","article-title":"13-cis retinoic acid and isomerisation in paediatric oncology\u2014is changing shape the key to success?","volume":"69","author":"Armstrong","year":"2005","journal-title":"Biochem Pharmacol"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1221","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2021.02.024","article-title":"Exploring the human lacrimal gland using organoids and single-cell sequencing","volume":"28","author":"Bannier-H\u00e9laou\u00ebt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2019.06.002","article-title":"Hyperlipidemia induces meibomian gland dysfunction","volume":"17","author":"Bu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.62.10.13","article-title":"High-fat diet induces inflammation of meibomian gland","volume":"62","author":"Bu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2017.06.020","article-title":"Meibomian glands, meibum, and meibogenesis","volume":"163","author":"Butovich","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23147884","article-title":"Dynamic changes in the gene expression patterns and lipid profiles in the developing and maturing meibomian glands","volume":"23","author":"Butovich","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105894","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2021.105894","article-title":"Differential effects of dietary cholesterol and triglycerides on the lipid homeostasis in meibomian glands","volume":"211","author":"Butovich","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B9","first-page":"221","article-title":"Ocular side effects of isotretinoin therapy","volume":"59","author":"Caffery","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Am Optom Assoc"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1586","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.05.082","article-title":"Modeling development and disease with organoids","volume":"165","author":"Clevers","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"535","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2015.117","article-title":"Physiological and pathophysiological roles of NAMPT and NAD metabolism","volume":"11","author":"Garten","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat Rev Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1538-9235.1990.tb02603.x","article-title":"Prevalence of meibomian gland dysfunction","volume":"67","author":"Hom","year":"1990","journal-title":"Optom Vis Sci"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"37","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2017.02.008","article-title":"Meibocyte differentiation and renewal: insights into novel mechanisms of meibomian gland dysfunction (MGD)","volume":"163","author":"Hwang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.aanat.2017.01.007","article-title":"Role of topical dehydroepiandrosterone in ameliorating isotretinoin-induced meibomian gland dysfunction in adult male albino rat","volume":"211","author":"Ibrahim","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Anat"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"575","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2017.05.006","article-title":"TFOS DEWS II management and therapy report","volume":"15","author":"Jones","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1007\/s10911-013-9278-4","article-title":"Pleiotropic functions of fibroblast growth factor signaling in embryonic mammary gland development","volume":"18","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0278921","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0278921","article-title":"Gender differences in dry eye disease symptoms associated with psychological health indicators among adults using mobile mental health apps","volume":"18","author":"Kim","year":"2023","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0256533","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0256533","article-title":"Effects of intense pulsed light treatment on tear cytokines and clinical outcomes in meibomian gland dysfunction","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.63.5.6","article-title":"Melatonin attenuates LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine response and lipogenesis in human meibomian gland epithelial cells via MAPK\/NF-\u03baB pathway","volume":"63","author":"Liu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3993","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.09-5108","article-title":"Culture, immortalization, and characterization of human meibomian gland epithelial cells","volume":"51","author":"Liu","year":"2010","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaophthalmol.2013.6030","article-title":"Effect of azithromycin on lipid accumulation in immortalized human meibomian gland epithelial cells","volume":"132","author":"Liu","year":"2014","journal-title":"JAMA Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5728071","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5728071","article-title":"Growth hormone influence on the morphology and size of the mouse meibomian gland","volume":"2016","author":"Liu","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"53","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.129.1.53","article-title":"Role of FGF10\/FGFR2b signaling during mammary gland development in the mouse embryo","volume":"129","author":"Mailleux","year":"2002","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-4835(03)00199-4","article-title":"Evaporation from the ocular surface","volume":"78","author":"Mathers","year":"2004","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"462","DOI":"10.1001\/archophthalmol.2011.69","article-title":"Effects of age and dysfunction on human meibomian glands","volume":"129","author":"Nien","year":"2011","journal-title":"Arch Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"985","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2017.05.016","article-title":"Wnt\/beta-Catenin signaling, disease, and emerging therapeutic modalities","volume":"169","author":"Nusse","year":"2017","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2022.10.004","article-title":"Induction of meibocyte differentiation by three-dimensional, matrigel culture of immortalized human meibomian gland epithelial cells to form acinar organoids","volume":"26","author":"Nuwormegbe","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1311","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(80)80009-X","article-title":"Inhibitors of poly(adenosine diphosphate ribose) polymerase induce sister chromatid exchanges","volume":"97","author":"Oikawa","year":"1980","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109470","DOI":"10.1016\/j.exer.2023.109470","article-title":"The inhibition of p38 MAPK blocked inflammation to restore the functions of rat meibomian gland epithelial cells","volume":"231","author":"Qu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Exp Eye Res"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2638","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.16-21204","article-title":"Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) is required for meibomian gland homeostasis in the adult mouse","volume":"58","author":"Reneker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107972","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pharmthera.2021.107972","article-title":"Branched and linear fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA) relevant to human health","volume":"231","author":"Riecan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Pharmacol Ther"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1559","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2019.04.015","article-title":"E-Cadherin is important for meibomian gland function as revealed by a new human ex vivo slice culture model","volume":"189","author":"R\u00f6tzer","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2020.02.006","article-title":"Dihydrotestosterone suppression of proinflammatory gene expression in human meibomian gland epithelial cells","volume":"18","author":"Sahin","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.survophthal.2014.10.001","article-title":"Retinoic acid and the ocular surface","volume":"60","author":"Samarawickrama","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surv Ophthalmol"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1135","DOI":"10.1007\/s11357-020-00274-1","article-title":"Effect of rapamycin on aging and age-related diseases-past and future","volume":"43","author":"Selvarani","year":"2021","journal-title":"Geroscience"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"174","DOI":"10.1016\/j.canlet.2013.11.019","article-title":"p38 and JNK MAPK pathways control the balance of apoptosis and autophagy in response to chemotherapeutic agents","volume":"344","author":"Sui","year":"2014","journal-title":"Cancer Lett"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B37","first-page":"3732","article-title":"Androgen influence on the meibomian gland","volume":"41","author":"Sullivan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"389","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4615-0717-8_56","article-title":"Sex steroids, the meibomian gland and evaporative dry eye","volume":"506","author":"Sullivan","year":"2002","journal-title":"Adv Exp Med Biol"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8822","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms21228822","article-title":"Meibomian gland dysfunction: what have animal models taught us?","volume":"21","author":"Sun","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3217","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.01892","article-title":"A dual role of FGF10 in proliferation and coordinated migration of epithelial leading edge cells during mouse eyelid development","volume":"132","author":"Tao","year":"2005","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1797","DOI":"10.1038\/s41433-020-0876-2","article-title":"Systematic review and meta-analysis of treating meibomian gland dysfunction with azithromycin","volume":"34","author":"Tao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eye"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3307","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.066241","article-title":"Barx2 and Fgf10 regulate ocular glands branching morphogenesis by controlling extracellular matrix remodeling","volume":"138","author":"Tsau","year":"2011","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(79)91156-2","article-title":"Induction of sister chromatid exchanges by nicotinamide in Chinese hamster lung fibroblasts and human lymphoblastoid cells","volume":"90","author":"Utakoji","year":"1979","journal-title":"Biochem Biophys Res Commun"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jtos.2023.08.007","article-title":"Organotypic culture model of mouse meibomian gland as a screening platform for risk factors related to meibomian gland dysfunction","volume":"30","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Ocul Surf"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"887","DOI":"10.1002\/sctm.18-0037","article-title":"Biomarkers for progenitor and differentiated epithelial cells in the human meibomian gland","volume":"7","author":"Xie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Stem Cells Transl Med"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30","DOI":"10.1167\/iovs.61.4.30","article-title":"Organotypic culture of mouse meibomian gland: a novel model to study meibomian gland dysfunction in vitro","volume":"61","author":"Xu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"973962","DOI":"10.3389\/fendo.2022.973962","article-title":"Response of tear cytokines following intense pulsed light combined with meibomian gland expression for treating meibomian gland dysfunction-related dry eye","volume":"13","author":"Yu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front Endocrinol"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"14947.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms232314947","article-title":"A new organotypic 3D slice culture of mouse meibomian glands reveals impact of melanocortins","volume":"23","author":"Zahn","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Mol Sci"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117937","DOI":"10.1016\/j.biopha.2025.117937","article-title":"Alpha- and beta-melanocyte stimulating hormone positively impact lipogenesis of meibomian gland cells in vitro and ex vivo","volume":"185","author":"Zahn","year":"2025","journal-title":"Biomed Pharmacother"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"685","DOI":"10.18632\/aging.100911","article-title":"SIRT1, 2, 3 protect mouse oocytes from postovulatory aging","volume":"8","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Aging"},{"key":"2026080223512721400_pwaf095-B51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.cr.7290105","article-title":"MAPK signal pathways in the regulation of cell proliferation in mammalian cells","volume":"12","author":"Zhang","year":"2002","journal-title":"Cell Res"}],"container-title":["Protein &amp; Cell"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/proteincell\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/procel\/pwaf095\/65248602\/pwaf095.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/proteincell\/article-pdf\/17\/8\/775\/65248602\/pwaf095.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/proteincell\/article-pdf\/17\/8\/775\/65248602\/pwaf095.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T03:51:40Z","timestamp":1785729100000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/proteincell\/article\/17\/8\/775\/8317460"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/procel\/pwaf095","relation":{"has-preprint":[{"id-type":"doi","id":"10.1101\/2025.06.10.658800","asserted-by":"object"}]},"ISSN":["1674-800X","1674-8018"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1674-800X","type":"print"},{"value":"1674-8018","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,8]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,9]]}}}