{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,25]],"date-time":"2026-10-25T00:21:23Z","timestamp":1792887683071,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":41,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,28]],"date-time":"2020-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1598572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Children With Disabilities Foundation"},{"name":"Johanna Children\u2019s Foundation"},{"name":"Revant Innovation Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>The objective was to investigate whether muscle strength in the nonaffected and affected upper extremities (UEs) in children (7\u201312\u00a0years) with unilateral spastic cerebral palsy (USCP) differs from that in children with typical development (TD).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A cross-sectional study design was used. Isometric arm strength (wrist flexion, wrist extension with flexed and extended fingers, elbow flexion\/extension) was assessed in 72 children (mean age\u00a0=\u00a09.3 [SD\u00a0=\u00a01.9] years) with USCP, and isometric grip\/pinch strength was assessed in 86 children (mean age\u00a0=\u00a09.3 [SD\u00a0=\u00a01.8] years) with USCP. Arm\/grip\/pinch strength was assessed in 120 children (mean age\u00a0=\u00a09.5 [SD\u00a0=\u00a01.7] years) with TD. Arm strength was measured with a hand-held dynamometer, and grip\/pinch strength was measured with a calibrated, modified (digitized) grip dynamometer and a pinch meter. The nonaffected UE of children with USCP was compared with the preferred UE of children with TD because both sides represent the preferred UE. The affected UE was compared with the nonpreferred UE of children with TD, as both sides represent the nonpreferred UE.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>In all measurements except for grip strength of the preferred UE, children with USCP were weaker than children with TD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>In children with USCP, muscle strength weakness exists in both UEs.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Impact<\/jats:title><jats:p>When unimanual or bimanual ability limitations are present in children with unilateral cerebral palsy, investigation of the muscle strength of the nonaffected UE should be part of the assessment.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzaa155","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,27]],"date-time":"2020-08-27T11:09:06Z","timestamp":1598526546000},"page":"2205-2216","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Upper Extremity Muscle Strength in Children With Unilateral Spastic Cerebral Palsy: A Bilateral Problem?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Koen J F M","family":"Dekkers","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Revant Rehabilitation Centers, Revant Centre Breda , Brabantlaan 1, 4817 JW Breda, the Netherlands; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Research School CAPHRI, , Maastricht, the Netherlands; and , Breda, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Maastricht University , Brabantlaan 1, 4817 JW Breda, the Netherlands; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Research School CAPHRI, , Maastricht, the Netherlands; and , Breda, the Netherlands"},{"name":"University for Professionals for Pediatric Physical Therapy, AVANSplus , Brabantlaan 1, 4817 JW Breda, the Netherlands; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Research School CAPHRI, , Maastricht, the Netherlands; and , Breda, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eugene A A","family":"Rameckers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Research School CAPHRI, Maastricht University; University for Professionals for Pediatric Physical Therapy, AVANSplus; Adelante Centre of Expertise in Rehabilitation and Audiology , Hoensbroek, the Netherlands; and Pediatric Rehabilitation, Biomed, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, , Hasselt, Limburg, Belgium"},{"name":"Hasselt University , Hoensbroek, the Netherlands; and Pediatric Rehabilitation, Biomed, Faculty of Medicine and Health Science, , Hasselt, Limburg, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rob J E M","family":"Smeets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine , Research School CAPHRI, , Eindhoven, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Maastricht University; and CIR Revalidatie , Research School CAPHRI, , Eindhoven, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew M","family":"Gordon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biobehavioral Sciences , Teachers College, , New York, New York"},{"name":"Columbia University , Teachers College, , New York, New York"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucianne A W M","family":"Speth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Research School CAPHRI ,"},{"name":"Maastricht University; and Adelante Centre of Expertise in Rehabilitation and Audiology ,"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudio L","family":"Ferre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Occupational Therapy , , Boston, Massachusetts"},{"name":"Boston University , , Boston, Massachusetts"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yvonne J 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