{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T13:24:50Z","timestamp":1780061090853,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]],"date-time":"2021-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617235200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Exercise is the mainstay of treatment in individuals with low back pain and the first-line option in degenerative spondylolisthesis (DS); however, there is still no consensus surrounding the superiority of any specific exercise program. Thus, the primary aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of lumbar stabilization exercises and flexion exercises for pain control and improvements of disability in individuals with chronic low back pain (CLBP) and DS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A randomized controlled trial was conducted in a tertiary public hospital and included 92 individuals over the age of 50 years who were randomly allocated to lumbar stabilization exercises or flexion exercises. Participants received 6 sessions of physical therapy (monthly appointments) and were instructed to execute exercises daily at home during the 6 months of the study. The primary outcome (measured at baseline, 1 month, 3 months, and 6 months) was pain intensity (visual analog scale, 0\u2013100\u00a0mm) and disability (Oswestry Disability Index, from 0% to 100%). Secondary outcomes were disability (Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire, from 0 to 24 points), changes in body mass index, and flexibility (fingertip to floor, in centimeters) at baseline and 6 months, and also the total of days of analgesic use at 6-month follow-up.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Mean differences between groups were not significant (for lumbar pain: 0.56 [95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u221211.48 to 12.61]; for radicular pain: \u22121.23 [95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u221214.11 to 11.64]; for Oswestry Disability Index: \u22120.61 [95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u22126.92 to 5.69]; for Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire: 0.53 [95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u22121.69 to 2.76]).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The findings from the present study reveal that flexion exercises are not inferior to and offer a similar response to stabilization exercises for the control of pain and improvements of disability in individuals with CLBP and DS.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Impact<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Exercise is the mainstay of treatment in individuals with CLBP and DS; however, there is still no consensus surrounding the superiority of any specific exercise program. This study finds that flexion exercises are not inferior to and offer a similar response to stabilization exercises.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Lay Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Exercise is the mainstay of treatment in individuals with CLBP and DS, but there is no consensus on the superiority of any specific exercise program. If you have DS, flexion exercises may provide similar effects to stabilization exercises.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzab108","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,31]],"date-time":"2021-03-31T11:35:31Z","timestamp":1617190531000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Stabilization Exercises Versus Flexion Exercises in Degenerative Spondylolisthesis: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Tania In\u00e9s","family":"Nava-Bringas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Rehabilitation, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitation \u201cLuis Guillermo Ibarra\u201d , M\u00e9xico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lizbeth Olivia","family":"Romero-Fierro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Rehabilitaci\u00f3n, Hospital Naval de Tapachula , Tapachula, Chiapas, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yessica Patricia","family":"Trani-Chagoya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Rehabilitaci\u00f3n, Hospital General Naval de L\u00e1zaro C\u00e1rdenas , L\u00e1zaro C\u00e1rdenas, Michoac\u00e1n, M\u00e9xico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Salvador Israel","family":"Mac\u00edas-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Rehabilitation, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitation \u201cLuis Guillermo Ibarra\u201d , M\u00e9xico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eduardo","family":"Garc\u00eda-Guerrero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Physical Therapies , Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitaci\u00f3n \u201cLuis Guillermo Ibarra\u201d"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-L\u00f3pez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departments of Physical Therapies , Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitaci\u00f3n \u201cLuis Guillermo Ibarra\u201d"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Coronado-Zarco","family":"Roberto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Rehabilitation, Instituto Nacional de Rehabilitation \u201cLuis Guillermo Ibarra\u201d , M\u00e9xico City, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023011906294037300_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"120","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000250979.12398.96","article-title":"Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis: an epidemiological perspective: the Copenhagen Osteoarthritis Study","volume":"32","author":"Jacobsen","year":"2007","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"2023011906294037300_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuchi.2019.03.006","article-title":"History of degenerative spondylolisthesis: from anatomical description to surgical management","volume":"65","author":"Bernard","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurochirurgie"},{"key":"2023011906294037300_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1097\/00007632-199011010-00021","article-title":"Natural history of degenerative spondylolisthesis: pathogenesis and natural course of the slippage","volume":"15","author":"Matsunaga","year":"1990","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"2023011906294037300_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S71","DOI":"10.1097\/01.brs.0000155579.88537.8e","article-title":"Degenerative spondylolisthesis: review of current trends and controversies","volume":"15","author":"Sengupta","year":"2005","journal-title":"Spine"},{"key":"2023011906294037300_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.spinee.2015.11.055","article-title":"Guideline summary review: an evidence-based clinical guideline for the diagnosis and treatment of degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis","volume":"16","author":"Matz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Spine J"},{"key":"2023011906294037300_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nec.2019.02.003","article-title":"Degenerative lumbar spondylolisthesis. 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