{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T21:04:53Z","timestamp":1792875893502,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":74,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]],"date-time":"2021-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621209600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Dutch Society of Physical Therapy"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This guideline revises the 2008 Royal Dutch Society for Physical Therapy guideline for physical therapy for patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Method<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This revised guideline was developed according to the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation tool and the Guidelines International Network standards. A multidisciplinary guideline panel formulated clinical questions based on perceived barriers in current care. For every clinical question, a narrative or systematic literature review was undertaken, where appropriate. The guideline panel formulated recommendations based on the results of the literature reviews, the values and preferences of patients and clinicians, and the acceptability, feasibility, and costs, as described in the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation evidence-to-decision framework.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The eventual guideline describes a comprehensive assessment based on the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health Core Set for RA. It also includes a description of yellow and red flags to support direct access. Based on the assessment, 3 treatment profiles are distinguished: (1) education and exercise instructions with limited supervision, (2) education and short-term supervised exercise therapy, and (3) education and intensified supervised exercise therapy. Education includes RA-related information, advice, and self-management support. Exercises are based on recommendations concerning the desired frequency, intensity, type, and time-related characteristics of the exercises (FITT factors). Their interpretation is compliant with the individual patient\u2019s situation and with public health recommendations for health-enhancing physical activity. Recommended measurement instruments for monitoring and evaluation include the Patient-Specific Complaint instrument, Numeric Rating Scales for pain and fatigue, the Health Assessment Questionnaire Disability Index, and the 6-minute walk test.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>An evidence-based physical therapy guideline was delivered, providing ready-to-use recommendations on the assessment and treatment of patients with RA. An active implementation strategy to enhance its use in daily practice is advised.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Impact<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This evidence-based practice guideline guides the physical therapist in the treatment of patients with RA. The cornerstones of physical therapist treatment for patients with RA are active exercise therapy in combination with education. Passive interventions such as massage, electrotherapy, thermotherapy, low-level laser therapy, ultrasound, and medical taping play a subordinate role.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzab127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,13]],"date-time":"2021-05-13T15:15:49Z","timestamp":1620918949000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Clinical Practice Guideline for Physical Therapist Management of People With Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Wilfred F","family":"Peter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics , Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy, , Leiden, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Leiden University Medical Center , Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy, , Leiden, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Rehabilitation Research Center , Amsterdam, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nynke M","family":"Swart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Dutch Society of Physical Therapy , Amersfoort, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guus A","family":"Meerhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Royal Dutch Society of Physical Therapy , Amersfoort, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Radboud University Medical Center , Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, IQ Healthcare, Nijmegen, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thea P M","family":"Vliet Vlieland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Orthopaedics , Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy, , Leiden, the Netherlands"},{"name":"Leiden University Medical Center , Rehabilitation and Physical Therapy, , Leiden, the Netherlands"},{"name":"University of Applied Sciences Leiden , Leiden, the Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023011906401069400_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"182","DOI":"10.1016\/j.semarthrit.2006.08.006","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis, based on the 1987 American College of Rheumatology criteria: a systematic review","volume":"36","author":"Alamanos","year":"2006","journal-title":"Semin Arthritis Rheum."},{"key":"2023011906401069400_ref2","article-title":"Rapport Reumatische Aandoeningen in Nederland, NIVEL 2016","author":"Sloot","year":"5, 2021"},{"key":"2023011906401069400_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-209775","article-title":"EULAR recommendations for cardiovascular disease risk management in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and other forms of inflammatory joint disorders: 2015\/2016 update","volume":"76","author":"Agca","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"2023011906401069400_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"948","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2016-210602","article-title":"2016 update of the EULAR recommendations for the management of early arthritis","volume":"76","author":"Combe","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis."},{"key":"2023011906401069400_ref5","first-page":"146","article-title":"Guideline Steering Committee. 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