{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,23]],"date-time":"2026-04-23T09:29:25Z","timestamp":1776936565105,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]],"date-time":"2021-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia Ethics Committee","award":["H1548771544856"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["H1548771544856"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fibromyalgia (FM) is characterized by chronic widespread pain and both physical and emotional alterations, which in turn may affect the individual\u2019s quality of life. Thus, interventions aimed at treating such symptoms, without increasing fatigue, are needed. The aim of this study was to explore the effect of high-frequency transcranial magnetic stimulation (HF-TMS) and physical exercise (PE) on pain, impact of FM, physical conditioning, and emotional status in women with FM.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Forty-nine women with FM were randomly allocated to: (1) a PE group (PEG, n\u00a0=\u00a016), who underwent an 8-week (two 60-minute sessions\/wk) low-intensity PE program; (2) a TMS group (TMSG, n\u00a0=\u00a017) receiving a 2-week (five 20-minute sessions\/wk) HF-TMS intervention; and (3) a control group (CG, n\u00a0=\u00a016). Pain (ie, perceived pain and average pressure pain threshold), perceived impact of FM (ie, overall impact, symptoms, and perceived physical function), physical conditioning (ie, endurance and functional capacity, fatigue, gait velocity, and power), and emotional status (ie, anxiety, depression, stress, and satisfaction) were assessed at baseline (T0) and after the intervention (T1, at 2\u00a0weeks for TMSG and at 8\u00a0weeks for PEG and CG).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The TMSG showed significant improvement in all studied variables after the intervention except for satisfaction, whereas the PEG showed improved average pressure pain threshold, perceived overall impact of FM and total score, endurance and functional capacity, velocity and power, anxiety, depression, and stress. In contrast, the CG showed no improvements in any variable.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Both PE and HF-TMS are effective in improving pain, impact of FM, physical conditioning, and emotional status in people with FM; HF-TMS achieved larger improvements in emotional status than PE.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Impact<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>TMS and PE have similar benefits for physical status, whereas TMS has greater benefits than PE for emotional status in women with FM.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzab159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,30]],"date-time":"2021-06-30T14:00:30Z","timestamp":1625061630000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":26,"title":["Effectiveness of High-Frequency Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Physical Exercise in Women With Fibromyalgia: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Ruth","family":"Izquierdo-Alventosa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UBIC Research Group , Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, , Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"University of Valencia , Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, , Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"Ingl\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Freshage Research Group , Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6294-6131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Cort\u00e9s-Amador","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UBIC Research Group , Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, , Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"University of Valencia , Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, , Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Gimeno-Mallench","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Freshage Research Group , Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N\u00faria","family":"Sempere-Rubio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UBIC Research Group , Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, , Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"University of Valencia , Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, , Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Serra-A\u00f1\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UBIC Research Group , Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, , Valencia, Spain"},{"name":"University of Valencia , Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Physiotherapy, , Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023011803093373400_ref1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Criteria for fibromyalgia? 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