{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,30]],"date-time":"2025-07-30T12:14:26Z","timestamp":1753877666120,"version":"3.41.2"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]],"date-time":"2021-09-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1630886400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>he objective of this study was to evaluate safety, feasibility, and outcomes of 30 patients within an inpatient rehabilitation facility following hospitalization for severe Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) infection.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This was an observational study of 30 patients (ages 26\u201380 years) within a large, metropolitan, academic hospital following hospitalization for complications from severe COVID-19. Ninety percent of the participants required critical care, and 83% required mechanical ventilation during their hospitalization. Within an inpatient rehabilitation facility and model of care, frequent, long-duration rehabilitation was provided by occupational therapists, physical therapists, and speech language pathologists.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The average inpatient rehabilitation facility length of stay was 11\u00a0days (ranging from 4\u201322\u00a0days). Patients averaged 165\u00a0min\/d (ranging from 140\u2013205\u00a0minutes) total of physical therapy, occupational therapy, and speech therapy. Twenty-eight of the 30 patients (93%) were discharged to the community. One patient required readmission from an inpatient rehabilitation facility to an acute hospital. All 30 patients improved their functional status with inpatient rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In this cohort of 30 patients, inpatient rehabilitation after severe COVID-19 was safe and feasible. Patients were able to participate in frequent, long-duration rehabilitation with nearly all patients discharging to the community. Clinically, inpatient rehabilitation should be considered for patients with functional limitations following severe COVID-19. Given 90% of our cohort required critical care, future studies should investigate the efficacy and effectiveness of inpatient rehabilitation following hospitalization for critical illness. Frequent, long-duration rehabilitation shows promising potential to address functional impairments following hospitalization for severe COVID-19.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Impact<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Inpatient rehabilitation facilities should be considered as a discharge location for hospitalized survivors of COVID-19, especially severe COVID-19, with functional limitations precluding community discharge. Clinicians and administrators should consider inpatient rehabilitation and inpatient rehabilitation facilities to address the rehabilitation needs of COVID-19 and critical illness survivors.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzab208","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,8]],"date-time":"2021-09-08T11:26:50Z","timestamp":1631100410000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Safety, Feasibility, and Outcomes of Frequent, Long-Duration Rehabilitation in an Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility After Prolonged Hospitalization for Severe COVID-19: An Observational Study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"101","author":[{"given":"Frank","family":"Vickory","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Inpatient Rehabilitation Therapy Department, University of Colorado Hospital , Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyle","family":"Ridgeway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Physical Therapy Program , University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus: School of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Falvey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science , Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, , Baltimore, Maryland, USA"},{"name":"University of Maryland School of Medicine , Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, , Baltimore, Maryland, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beth","family":"Houwer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inpatient Rehabilitation Therapy Department, University of Colorado Hospital , Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Gunlikson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inpatient Rehabilitation Therapy Department, University of Colorado Hospital , Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Payne","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine , Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William","family":"Niehaus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado School of Medicine , Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Colorado Hospital, Aurora, Colorado, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4417","DOI":"10.1007\/s00330-020-06854-1","article-title":"CT features of SARS-CoV-2 pneumonia according to clinical presentation: a retrospective analysis of 120 consecutive patients from Wuhan city","volume":"30","author":"Zhang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Radiol"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1265","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.3557","article-title":"Outcomes of cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in patients recently recovered from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","volume":"5","author":"Puntmann","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"802","DOI":"10.1001\/jamacardio.2020.0950","article-title":"Association of cardiac injury with mortality in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Wuhan, China","volume":"5","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA Cardiol"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2020.05.006","article-title":"Northwell COVID-19 research consortium; Northwell nephrology COVID-19 research consortium. Acute kidney injury in patients hospitalized with COVID-19","volume":"98","author":"Hirsch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"69","DOI":"10.1186\/s13195-020-00640-3","article-title":"Immediate and long-term consequences of COVID-19 infections for the development of neurological disease","volume":"12","author":"Heneka","year":"2020","journal-title":"Alzheimers Res Ther"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbi.2020.03.031","article-title":"Nervous system involvement after infection with COVID-19 and other coronaviruses","volume":"87","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Brain Behav Immun"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2020.05.017","article-title":"Neurological manifestations and complications of COVID-19: a literature review","volume":"77","author":"Ahmad","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Clin Neurosci"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1017","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0968-3","article-title":"Extrapulmonary manifestations of COVID-19","volume":"26","author":"Gupta","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Med"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref9","first-page":"2003690","article-title":"Pulmonary function and radiological features four months after COVID-19: first results from the national prospective observational Swiss COVID-19 lung study","volume":"8","author":"Guler","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur Respir J"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.2648","article-title":"Characteristics of and important lessons from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in China: summary of a report of 72\u00a0314 cases from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention","volume":"323","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-020-06294-x","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and day-90 outcomes of 4244 critically ill adults with COVID-19: a prospective cohort study","volume":"47","author":"COVID-ICU Group on behalf of the REVA Network and the COVID-ICU Investigators","year":"2021","journal-title":"Intensive Care Med"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmi.2020.10.017","article-title":"Clinical course and outcomes of critically ill patients with COVID-19 infection: a systematic review","volume":"27","author":"Serafim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Microbiol Infect"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"669","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30243-7","article-title":"Estimates of the severity of coronavirus disease 2019: a model-based analysis","volume":"20","author":"Verity","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"volume-title":"COVID-19 clinical management: living guidance","year":"2021","article-title":"World Health Organization","key":"2023011804494175300_ref14"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.20-0564","article-title":"Review of burden, clinical definitions, and management of COVID-19 cases","volume":"103","author":"McArthur","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Trop Med Hyg"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzaa194","article-title":"Early physical therapist interventions for patients with COVID-19 in the acute care hospital: a case report series","volume":"101","author":"Eggmann","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzaa181","article-title":"Frequency of physical therapist intervention is associated with mobility status and disposition at hospital discharge for patients with COVID-19","volume":"101","author":"Johnson","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2021.01.069","article-title":"Covid rehabilitation study group. Do patients with Covid-19 benefit from rehabilitation? Functional outcomes of the first 100 patients in a Covid-19 rehabilitation unit","volume":"102","author":"Piquet","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201512-2343OC","article-title":"RECOVER program investigators (phase 1: towards RECOVER); Canadian critical care trials group. The RECOVER program: disability risk groups and 1-year outcome after 7 or more days of mechanical ventilation","volume":"194","author":"Herridge","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1011802","article-title":"Cheung AM; Canadian critical care trials group. Functional disability 5 years after acute respiratory distress syndrome","volume":"364","author":"Herridge","year":"2011","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1136\/thoraxjnl-2017-210337","article-title":"with the National Institutes of Health NHLBI ARDS Network. Understanding patient outcomes after acute respiratory distress syndrome: identifying subtypes of physical, cognitive and mental health outcomes","volume":"72","author":"Brown","year":"2017","journal-title":"Thorax"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"502","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e318232da75","article-title":"Improving long-term outcomes after discharge from intensive care unit: report from a stakeholders' conference","volume":"40","author":"Needham","year":"2012","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref23","first-page":"631","article-title":"Physical impairments associated with post-intensive care syndrome: systematic review based on the World Health Organization's international classification of functioning","volume":"98","author":"Ohtake","year":"2018","journal-title":"Disability Health Framework Phys Ther"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2518","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000525","article-title":"Exploring the scope of post-intensive care syndrome therapy and care: engagement of non-critical care providers and survivors in a second stakeholders meeting","volume":"42","author":"Elliott","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0b013e3181fd66e5","article-title":"Long-term complications of critical care","volume":"39","author":"Desai","year":"2011","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.201401-0158OC","article-title":"National Institutes of Health NHLBI ARDS Network. Risk factors for physical impairment after acute lung injury in a national, multicenter study","volume":"189","author":"Needham","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"849","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000000040","article-title":"Physical complications in acute lung injury survivors: a two-year longitudinal prospective study","volume":"42","author":"Fan","year":"2014","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"354","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-016-1508-x","article-title":"Surviving critical illness: what is next? An expert consensus statement on physical rehabilitation after hospital discharge","volume":"20","author":"Major","year":"2016","journal-title":"Crit Care"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"722","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2016.03.003","article-title":"Early mobilization and rehabilitation of patients who are critically ill","volume":"150","author":"Hashem","year":"2016","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"376","DOI":"10.1513\/AnnalsATS.201606-455OC","article-title":"Recovery from dysphagia symptoms after oral endotracheal intubation in acute respiratory distress syndrome survivors. A 5-year longitudinal study","volume":"14","author":"Brodsky","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ann Am Thorac Soc"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1301372","article-title":"BRAIN-ICU Study Investigators. Long-term cognitive impairment after critical illness","volume":"369","author":"Pandharipande","year":"2013","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000001443","article-title":"Rehabilitation after critical illness in people with COVID-19 infection","volume":"99","author":"Simpson","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref33","first-page":"e4","article-title":"Post-discharge persistent symptoms and health-related quality of life after hospitalization for COVID-19","volume":"81","author":"Garrigues","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Inf Secur"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"60","DOI":"10.1038\/s41572-020-0201-1","article-title":"Survivorship after COVID-19 ICU stay","volume":"6","author":"Hosey","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat Rev Dis Primers"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref35","article-title":"Predictors of low physical function in patients with COVID-19 with acute respiratory failure admitted to a subacute unit","volume":"102","author":"Paneroni","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973-9087.21.06699-5","article-title":"Midterm functional sequelae and implications in rehabilitation after COVID19. A cross-sectional study","volume":"57","author":"Baricich","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"883","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2020.06.006","article-title":"Post-intensive care syndrome and COVID-19: crisis after a crisis?","volume":"49","author":"Jaffri","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"year":"2020","author":"Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services","key":"2023011804494175300_ref38"},{"volume-title":"Coding section GG self-care and mobility activities included","year":"18, 2021","article-title":"Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services","key":"2023011804494175300_ref39"},{"volume-title":"Case Mix Index","year":"26, 2021","article-title":"Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services","key":"2023011804494175300_ref40"},{"volume-title":"Interim guidance on duration of isolation and precautions for adults with COVID-19","article-title":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","key":"2023011804494175300_ref41"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1726","DOI":"10.1097\/CCM.0000000000005089","article-title":"Functional outcomes and their association with physical performance in mechanically ventilated coronavirus disease 2019 survivors at 3 months following hospital discharge: a cohort study","volume":"49","author":"Gassel","year":"2021","journal-title":"Crit Care Med"},{"key":"2023011804494175300_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973-9087.21.06699-5","article-title":"Cisari C; No-More Covid Group. Midterm functional sequelae and implications in rehabilitation after COVID-19: a cross-sectional study","volume":"57","author":"Baricich","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med"}],"container-title":["Physical Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ptj\/pzab208\/40317533\/pzab208.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article-pdf\/101\/11\/pzab208\/48747930\/pzab208.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article-pdf\/101\/11\/pzab208\/48747930\/pzab208.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T06:55:45Z","timestamp":1674024945000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ptj\/pzab208\/6365140"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"references-count":43,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ptj\/pzab208","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9023","1538-6724"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0031-9023"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1538-6724"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,6]]},"article-number":"pzab208"}}