{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,31]],"date-time":"2026-10-31T04:02:20Z","timestamp":1793419340603,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":89,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,24]],"date-time":"2023-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687564800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006108","name":"National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["UL1TR002733"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UL1TR002733"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006108","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this systematic review and correlation meta-analysis was to identify factors associated with kinesiophobia in individuals with patellofemoral pain (PFP) and to identify interventions that may reduce kinesiophobia in individuals with PFP.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Seven databases were searched for articles including clinical factors associated with kinesiophobia or interventions that may reduce kinesiophobia in individuals with PFP. Two reviewers screened articles for inclusion, assessed risk of bias and quality, and extracted data from each study. A mixed-effects model was used to calculate correlations of function and pain with kinesiophobia using individual participant data. Meta-analyses were performed on interventional articles; Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation was used to evaluate certainty of evidence. Results were reported narratively when pooling was not possible.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Forty-one articles involving 2712 individuals were included. Correlation meta-analyses using individual participant data indicated a moderate association between self-reported function and kinesiophobia (n\u2009=\u2009499; r\u2009=\u2009\u22120.440) and a weak association between pain and kinesiophobia (n\u2009=\u2009644; r\u2009=\u20090.162). Low-certainty evidence from 2 articles indicated that passive treatment techniques were more effective than minimal intervention in reducing kinesiophobia (standardized mean difference\u2009=\u20091.11; 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.72 to 1.49). Very low-certainty evidence from 5 articles indicated that interventions to target kinesiophobia (psychobehavioral interventions, education, and self-managed exercise) were better in reducing kinesiophobia than physical therapist treatment approaches not specifically targeting kinesiophobia (standardized mean difference\u2009=\u20091.64; 95% CI\u2009=\u20090.14 to 3.15).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Higher levels of kinesiophobia were moderately associated with poorer function and weakly associated with higher pain in individuals with PFP. Taping and bracing may reduce kinesiophobia immediately after use, and specific kinesiophobia-targeted interventions may reduce kinesiophobia following the full intervention; however, the certainty of evidence is very low.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Impact<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Assessment of kinesiophobia in clinical practice is recommended, on the basis of the relationships identified between kinesiophobia and other important factors that predict outcomes in individuals with PFP.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzad074","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,24]],"date-time":"2023-06-24T19:36:21Z","timestamp":1687635381000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Kinesiophobia Is Associated With Poor Function and Modifiable Through Interventions in People With Patellofemoral Pain: A Systematic Review With Individual Participant Data Correlation Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"103","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0300-478X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katherine K","family":"Rethman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Jameson Crane Sports Medicine Institute Sports Medicine Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, , Columbus, Ohio , USA"},{"name":"The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Ohio State University Sports Medicine, , Columbus, Ohio , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cody J","family":"Mansfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jameson Crane Sports Medicine Institute Sports Medicine Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, , Columbus, Ohio , USA"},{"name":"The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Ohio State University Sports Medicine, , Columbus, Ohio , USA"},{"name":"The Ohio State University School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine, , Columbus, Ohio , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Josh","family":"Moeller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Ohio State University Department of Biology, , Columbus, Ohio , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0753-2432","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danilo","family":"De Oliveira Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"La Trobe University La Trobe Sport and Exercise Medicine Research Centre, , Melbourne, Victoria , Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julie A","family":"Stephens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ohio State University Center for Biostatistics, Department of Biomedical Informatics, College of Medicine, , Columbus, Ohio , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Di Stasi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jameson Crane Sports Medicine Institute Sports Medicine Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, , Columbus, Ohio , USA"},{"name":"Ohio State University Division of Physical Therapy, School of Health & Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Medicine, , Columbus, Ohio , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0831-7614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthew S","family":"Briggs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jameson Crane Sports Medicine Institute Sports Medicine Research Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, , Columbus, Ohio , USA"},{"name":"The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Ohio State University Sports Medicine, , Columbus, Ohio , USA"},{"name":"The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center Department of Orthopaedics, , Columbus, Ohio , USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2275","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-3011-8","article-title":"Holistic approach to understanding anterior knee pain. Clinical implications","volume":"22","author":"Sanchis-Alfonso","year":"2014","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0190892","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0190892","article-title":"Incidence and prevalence of patellofemoral pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Screen HR","volume":"13","author":"Smith","year":"2018","journal-title":"PLoS One"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"881","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2015-094664","article-title":"Factors that predict a poor outcome 5-8\u00a0years after the diagnosis of patellofemoral pain: a multicentre observational analysis","volume":"50","author":"Lankhorst","year":"2016","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1713","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2017-098717","article-title":"Evidence-based framework for a pathomechanical model of patellofemoral pain: 2017 patellofemoral pain consensus statement from the 4th International Patellofemoral Pain Research Retreat, Manchester, UK: part 3","volume":"51","author":"Powers","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1515\/sjpain-2018-0347","article-title":"Investigating the prevalence of anxiety and depression in people living with patellofemoral pain in the UK: the dep-pf study","volume":"19","author":"Wride","year":"2019","journal-title":"Scand J Pain"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"732","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096705","article-title":"The psychological features of patellofemoral pain: a systematic review","volume":"51","author":"Maclachlan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2022.10647","article-title":"Developing clinical and research priorities on pain and psychological features in individuals who have patellofemoral pain: an international consensus process with health care professionals","volume":"52","author":"Vicenzino","year":"2022","journal-title":"JOSPT"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref8","first-page":"35","article-title":"Kinisophobia: a new view of chronic pain behavior","volume":"3","author":"Kori","year":"1990","journal-title":"Pain Manag"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/0005-7967(83)90009-8","article-title":"Outline of a fear-avoidance model of exaggerated pain perception\u2014I","volume":"21","author":"Lethem","year":"1983","journal-title":"Behav Res Ther"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02109988","article-title":"The role of fear of movement\/(re)injury in pain disability","volume":"5","author":"Vlaeyen","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Occup Rehabil"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pain.2006.07.016","article-title":"Fear of movement\/(re)injury in chronic pain: a psychometric assessment of the original English version of the Tampa scale for kinesiophobia (TSK)","volume":"127","author":"French","year":"2007","journal-title":"Pain"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"197","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2010.3298","article-title":"A psychometric investigation of fear-avoidance model measures in patients with chronic low back pain","volume":"40","author":"George","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2019.10.190","article-title":"Two weeks of wearing a knee brace compared with minimal intervention on Kinesiophobia at 2 and 6 weeks in people with patellofemoral pain: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"101","author":"Priore","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"261","DOI":"10.1515\/sjpain-2018-0025","article-title":"The psychological features of patellofemoral pain: a cross-sectional study","volume":"18","author":"Maclachlan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Scand J Pain"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1254","DOI":"10.1080\/09593985.2020.1830323","article-title":"Fear of movement and (re)injury is associated with condition specific outcomes and health-related quality of life in women with patellofemoral pain","volume":"38","author":"Pazzinatto","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physiother Theory Pract."},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.3928\/19425864-20181029-01","article-title":"Elevated fear avoidance affects lower extremity strength and squatting kinematics in women with patellofemoral pain","volume":"11","author":"Glaviano","year":"2019","journal-title":"Athletic Training & Sports Health Care"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0372","article-title":"Predictors of pain and function outcome after rehabilitation in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome","volume":"41","author":"Piva","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1170","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2018-099397","article-title":"2018 consensus statement on exercise therapy and physical interventions (orthoses, taping and manual therapy) to treat patellofemoral pain: recommendations from the 5th International Patellofemoral Pain Research Retreat, Gold Coast, Australia, 2017","volume":"52","author":"Collins","year":"2018","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"CPG1","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2019.0302","article-title":"Patellofemoral pain clinical practice guidelines linked to the international classification of functioning, disability and health from the academy of orthopaedic physical therapy of the American physical therapy association","volume":"49","author":"Willy","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref20","article-title":"Adding mindfulness practice to exercise therapy for female recreational runners with patellofemoral pain: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"24","author":"Bagheri","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Athl Train."},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref21","first-page":"332","article-title":"Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses: the PRISMA statement","volume":"339","author":"Moher","year":"2009","journal-title":"BMJ (Online)"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref22","article-title":"Implementing the 27 PRISMA 2020 statement items for systematic reviews in the sport and exercise medicine, musculoskeletal rehabilitation and sports science fields: the PERSiST implementing Prisma in exercise, rehabilitation, sport medicine and SporTs sc","volume":"56","author":"Ardern","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"496","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2011.3333","article-title":"A guide to understanding meta-analysis","volume":"41","author":"Israel","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2008.08.214","article-title":"Associates of physical function and pain in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome","volume":"90","author":"Piva","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1155\/2011\/296298","article-title":"Fear-avoidance beliefs and parental responses to pain in adolescents with chronic pain","volume":"16","author":"Wilson","year":"2011","journal-title":"Pain Res Manag"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref26","article-title":"National Heart, Blood, and Lung Institute","volume-title":"Study quality assessment tools"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref27","author":"PEDro"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"512","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hrtlng.2020.03.013","article-title":"Association between sarcoidosis and cardiovascular comorbidity: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"49","author":"Mahmoud","year":"2020","journal-title":"Heart Lung"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"363","DOI":"10.1007\/s11239-015-1175-9","article-title":"A systematic review of patient-related risk factors for catheter-related thrombosis","volume":"40","author":"Leung","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Thromb Thrombolysis"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trre.2019.100513","article-title":"Lung transplantation from donation after controlled cardiocirculatory death. Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"34","author":"Palleschi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transplant Rev (Orlando)"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref31","article-title":"Clinimetrics: physiotherapy evidence database (PEDro) scale","volume":"66","author":"Cashin","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Phys"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref32","first-page":"355","article-title":"ROBINS-I: a tool for assessing risk of bias in non-randomised studies of interventions","author":"Sterne","year":"2016","journal-title":"BMJ (Clinical research ed)"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"l4898","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.l4898","article-title":"RoB 2: a revised tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials","author":"Sterne","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref34","first-page":"1","article-title":"Methodological quality (risk of bias) assessment tools for primary and secondary medical studies: what are they and which is better?","volume":"7","author":"Ma","journal-title":"Mil Med Res."},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref35","first-page":"371","article-title":"Associations between high temperatures in pregnancy and risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirths: systematic review and meta-analysis","author":"Chersich","year":"2020","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpainsymman.2010.08.016","article-title":"Studies comparing numerical rating scales, verbal rating scales, and visual analogue scales for assessment of pain intensity in adults: a systematic literature review","volume":"41","author":"Hjermstad","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Pain Symptom Manag"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"815","DOI":"10.1016\/S0003-9993(03)00613-0","article-title":"Analysis of outcome measures for persons with patellofemoral pain: which are reliable and valid?","volume":"85","author":"Crossley","year":"2004","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjem.2018.08.001","article-title":"User\u2019s guide to correlation coefficients","volume":"18","author":"Akoglu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Turk J Emerg Med"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref39","volume-title":"Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions","author":"Higgins"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref40","article-title":"Practical meta-analysis effect size calculator [online calculator]","author":"Wilson"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref41","article-title":"Calculation of effect sizes","author":"Lenhard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Psychometrica"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref42","volume-title":"Copenhagen: The Nordic Cochrane Centre TCC. RevMan 5. Version 5.3","year":"2021"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jclinepi.2010.07.015","article-title":"GRADE guidelines: 3. Rating the quality of evidence","volume":"64","author":"Balshem","year":"2011","journal-title":"J Clin Epidemiol"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref44","first-page":"133","article-title":"GRADE: what is \u201cquality of evidence\u201d and why is it important to clinicians?","volume":"9","author":"Guyatt","year":"2009","journal-title":"Chin J Evid Based Med"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref45","first-page":"364","article-title":"Estimating effect sizes from pretest-posttest-control group designs","author":"Morris","year":"2007"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2288-14-135","article-title":"Estimating the sample mean and standard deviation from the sample size, median, range and\/or interquartile range","volume":"14","author":"Wan","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Med Res Methodol"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1002\/jrsm.1429","article-title":"Optimally estimating the sample standard deviation from the five-number summary","volume":"11","author":"Shi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Res Synth Methods"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref48","volume-title":"Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences","author":"Cohen","year":"1988","edition":"2nd"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1002\/ejp.1563","article-title":"Psychological and pain profiles in persons with patellofemoral pain as the primary symptom","author":"Maclachlan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur J Pain"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"59","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2019.04.010","article-title":"A proximal progressive resistance training program targeting strength and power is feasible in people with patellofemoral pain","volume":"38","author":"Barton","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys Ther Sport"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref51","article-title":"Novel stepped care approach to provide education and exercise therapy for patellofemoral pain: feasibility study","volume":"22","author":"De Oliveira","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Internet Res"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2215","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13767","article-title":"Pain and disability in women with patellofemoral pain relate to kinesiophobia, but not to patellofemoral joint loading variables","volume":"30","author":"De Oliveira","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.10.033","article-title":"Kinesiophobia, but not strength is associated with altered movement in women with patellofemoral pain","volume":"68","author":"Oliveira","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref54","article-title":"Are physical function and fear of movement risk factors for patellofemoral pain? A 2-year prospective study","volume":"32","author":"Pazzinatto","journal-title":"J Sport Rehabil"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knee.2022.04.010","article-title":"The association and reliability of the frontal plane projection angle during the lateral step down test on knee function in patients with patellofemoral pain","volume":"36","author":"Mansfield","year":"2022","journal-title":"Knee"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.25152","article-title":"Does central nervous system dysfunction underlie patellofemoral pain in young females? Examining brain functional connectivity in association with patient-reported outcomes","volume":"40","author":"Diekfuss","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/s12891-019-2516-1","article-title":"A loaded self-managed exercise programme for patellofemoral pain: a mixed methods feasibility study","volume":"20","author":"Smith","year":"2019","journal-title":"BMC Musculoskelet Disord"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2017.07.002","article-title":"Physical activity levels in individuals with and without patellofemoral pain","volume":"27","author":"Glaviano","year":"2017","journal-title":"Phys Ther Sport."},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1177\/23259671221079672","article-title":"Self-efficacy and emotional distress in a cohort with patellofemoral pain.","volume":"10","author":"Hott","year":"2022","journal-title":"Orthop J Sports Med"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2295","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-014-2968-7","article-title":"Changes in catastrophizing and kinesiophobia are predictive of changes in disability and pain after treatment in patients with anterior knee pain","volume":"22","author":"Dom\u00e9nech","year":"2014","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2020.07.003","article-title":"Adolescent psychological beliefs, but not parent beliefs, associated with pain and function in adolescents with patellofemoral pain","volume":"45","author":"Selhorst","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys Ther Sport"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1562","DOI":"10.1007\/s00167-012-2238-5","article-title":"Influence of kinesiophobia and catastrophizing on pain and disability in anterior knee pain patients","volume":"21","author":"Domenech","year":"2013","journal-title":"Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"326","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2019.07.220","article-title":"Correlation between isometric muscle strength, pain, function and kinesiophobia in females with patellofemoral pain","volume":"73","author":"Tadeu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref64","first-page":"1","article-title":"Gluteal central activation in females with patellofemoral pain: a preliminary study","author":"Glaviano","year":"2021"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"116","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2018.11.013","article-title":"Influence of kinesiophobia and pain catastrophism on objective function in women with patellofemoral pain","volume":"35","author":"Priore","year":"2019","journal-title":"Phys Ther Sport."},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"351","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519889623","article-title":"Predictors of pain, function, and change in patellofemoral pain","volume":"48","author":"Hott","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref67","article-title":"Brain activity during experimental knee pain and its relationship with kinesiophobia in patients with patellofemoral pain: a preliminary functional magnetic resonance imaging investigation","volume":"31","author":"Barber Foss","journal-title":"J Sport Rehabil"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1083","DOI":"10.1002\/jor.25152","article-title":"Does central nervous system dysfunction underlie patellofemoral pain in young females? Examining brain functional connectivity in association with patient-reported outcomes","volume":"40","author":"Diekfuss","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Orthop Res"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2034","DOI":"10.1589\/jpts.28.2034","article-title":"Short-term effects of kinesio tape on joint position sense, isokinetic measurements, and clinical parameters in patellofemoral pain syndrome","volume":"28","author":"Kurt","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Phys Ther Sci"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"382","DOI":"10.1002\/msc.1429","article-title":"Cognitive behavioural therapy-informed physiotherapy for patellofemoral pain: a feasibility study","volume":"17","author":"Kedroff","year":"2019","journal-title":"Musculoskeletal Care"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref71","first-page":"153","article-title":"Does a bespoke education session change levels of catastrophizing, kinesiophobia and pain beliefs in patients with patellofemoral pain? A feasibility study","volume":"42","author":"James","year":"2021","journal-title":"Physiother Pract Res"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1267","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2021.03.016","article-title":"Effect of a psychologically informed intervention to treat adolescents with patellofemoral pain: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"102","author":"Selhorst","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2019.10.009","article-title":"Psychologically-informed video reduces maladaptive beliefs in adolescents with patellofemoral pain","volume":"41","author":"Selhorst","year":"2020","journal-title":"Phys Ther Sport."},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1111\/sms.13613","article-title":"Patellofemoral pain: one year results of a randomized trial comparing hip exercise, knee exercise, or free activity","volume":"30","author":"Hott","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scand J Med Sci Sports"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1312","DOI":"10.1177\/0363546519830644","article-title":"Effectiveness of isolated hip exercise, knee exercise, or free physical activity for patellofemoral pain: a randomized controlled trial","volume":"47","author":"Hott","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Sports Med"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref76","first-page":"670","article-title":"The effects of a multimodal rehabilitation program on pain, kinesiophobia and function in a runner with patellofemoral pain","volume":"12","author":"Passigli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2021.05.013","article-title":"How effective is an evidence-based exercise intervention in individuals with patellofemoral pain?","volume":"51","author":"Greaves","year":"2021","journal-title":"Phys. Ther. Sport."},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.23736\/S1973-9087.22.06691-6","article-title":"Comparing hip and knee focused exercises versus hip and knee focused exercises with the use of blood flow restriction training in adults with patellofemoral pain","volume":"58","author":"Constantinou","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur J Phys Rehabil Med"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"602","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2021.10674","article-title":"How do hip exercises improve pain in individuals with patellofemoral pain? Secondary mediation analysis of strength and psychological factors as mechanisms","volume":"51","author":"Holden","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref80","first-page":"450","article-title":"Tibiofemoral joint mobilization in the successful management of patellofemoral pain syndrome: a case report","volume":"11","author":"Lantz","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int J Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref81","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"155","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2018.04.010","article-title":"How to manage patellofemoral pain \u2013 understanding the multifactorial nature and treatment options","volume":"32","author":"Lack","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys Ther Sport."},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2012-091696","article-title":"Prognostic factors for patellofemoral pain: a multicentre observational analysis","volume":"47","author":"Collins","year":"2013","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"86","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2018.07.164","article-title":"Association of altered frontal plane kinematics and physical activity levels in females with patellofemoral pain","volume":"65","author":"Glaviano","year":"2018","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"781","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2016-096768","article-title":"Is body mass index associated with patellofemoral pain and patellofemoral osteoarthritis? A systematic review and meta-regression and analysis","volume":"51","author":"Hart","year":"2017","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref85","article-title":"Exploring overweight and obesity beyond body mass index: a body composition analysis in people with and without patellofemoral pain","author":"Ferreira","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Sport Health Sci."},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1136\/bjsports-2013-092437","article-title":"Patellar taping for patellofemoral pain: a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate clinical outcomes and biomechanical mechanisms","volume":"48","author":"Barton","year":"2014","journal-title":"Br J Sports Med"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"388","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2020.9400","article-title":"Patient education for patellofemoral pain: a systematic review","volume":"50","author":"De Oliveira","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref88","first-page":"2036","article-title":"Prevalence of chronic patellofemoral pain in thai university athletes and correlation between pain intensity, psychological features, and physical fitness of leg muscles","volume":"21","author":"Brady","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Phys Educ Sport"},{"key":"2023092304482976800_ref89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"187","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ptsp.2018.10.008","article-title":"The effects of fear-avoidance beliefs on anterior knee pain and physical therapy visit count for young individuals: a retrospective study","volume":"34","author":"Mansfield","year":"2018","journal-title":"Phys Ther Sport."}],"container-title":["Physical Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ptj\/pzad074\/50695917\/pzad074.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article-pdf\/103\/9\/pzad074\/51716340\/pzad074.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article-pdf\/103\/9\/pzad074\/51716340\/pzad074.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,23]],"date-time":"2023-09-23T04:49:39Z","timestamp":1695444579000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ptj\/pzad074\/7206809"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,24]]},"references-count":89,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ptj\/pzad074","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9023","1538-6724"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9023","type":"print"},{"value":"1538-6724","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,24]]},"article-number":"pzad074"}}