{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,9]],"date-time":"2026-03-09T18:43:01Z","timestamp":1773081781247,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,16]],"date-time":"2025-03-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1742083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Stockholm Sjukhem Foundation (BL) and the Swedish Research Council for Health, Working life and Welfare","award":["STY-2023\/0004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["STY-2023\/0004"]}]},{"name":"NEURO Sweden","award":["BL and HJ, Grant numbers F2022\u20130052 and F2022\u20130066"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BL and HJ, Grant numbers F2022\u20130052 and F2022\u20130066"]}]},{"name":"Swedish Parkinson Foundation (BL), the Promobilia Foundation","award":["A23021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["A23021"]}]},{"name":"Region Stockholm","award":["SLSO 2023\u20133870"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SLSO 2023\u20133870"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100009750","name":"Kamprad Family Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["20210201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20210201"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100009750","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Walking capacity progressively declines in people with Parkinson disease (PD), and assessment of walking is imperative for monitoring disease progression and evaluating intervention efficacy. The main aim of this study was to explore whether the 2-minute walk test (2MWT) could be substituted for the 6-minute walk test (6MWT) as a measure of walking capacity in people with PD. We also sought to investigate construct and known-groups validity of the 2MWT.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A cross-sectional analysis based on data from the Supported Home Training in Everyday Life for Parkinson Disease trial was conducted in a hospital setting. Sixty-three people with idiopathic, mild to moderate PD (29 women; mean age\u2009=\u200969.2\u00a0years) were included. Spatiotemporal gait parameters during the 2MWT and the 6MWT were captured by wearable sensors. Linear regression was used to analyze the association between distances walked, whereas paired-samples t tests and repeated-measures analysis of variance were used to explore mean differences in gait parameters.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Distance walked over the 2MWT was very strongly associated with the 6MWT. Gait speed was higher during the shorter test, and several speed-related parameters significantly differed between the tests. There was a trend over the 6MWT, whereby participants performed better during the last 2\u00a0minutes of the test. Analyses revealed convergent, discriminant, and known-groups validity of the 2MWT.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>These findings suggest that the 2MWT adequately captures walking capacity among people with mild to moderate PD and demonstrates robust convergent validity and ability to discriminate between people at different levels of disease severity.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Impact<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The 2MWT is a sufficient and valid alternative for physical therapists who wish to assess walking capacity in people with mild to moderate PD.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzaf034","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,16]],"date-time":"2025-03-16T09:50:36Z","timestamp":1742118636000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Clinical Assessment of Walking Capacity in People With Parkinson Disease: Are 2 Minutes Sufficient?"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"105","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3360-5447","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hanna","family":"Johansson","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet , 141 83 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Theme Women\u2019s Health and Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital , 141 86 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Stockholm Sjukhem Foundation , Research and Development Unit, 112 19 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1168-5856","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda","family":"Rennie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Health Technology, Oslo Metropolitan University , 0130 Oslo ,","place":["Norway"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1697-9781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wilhelmus J A","family":"Grooten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet , 141 83 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Theme Women\u2019s Health and Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital , 141 86 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9469-6410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Breiffni","family":"Leavy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Division of Physiotherapy, Karolinska Institutet , 141 83 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Theme Women\u2019s Health and Allied Health Professionals, Karolinska University Hospital , 141 86 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]},{"name":"Stockholm Sjukhem Foundation , Research and Development Unit, 112 19 Stockholm ,","place":["Sweden"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,16]]},"reference":[{"issue":"7","key":"2025052317030853900_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"697","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(19)30044-4","article-title":"Gait impairments in Parkinson's disease","volume":"18","author":"Mirelman","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol"},{"key":"2025052317030853900_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2965","DOI":"10.2147\/NDT.S304567","article-title":"Current perspectives on the assessment and Management of Gait Disorders in Parkinson's disease","volume":"17","author":"Smith","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025052317030853900_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"843","DOI":"10.3233\/JPD-201969","article-title":"Gait kinematic parameters in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review","volume":"10","author":"Bou\u00e7a-Machado","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Parkinsons Dis"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025052317030853900_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"371","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2005.11.021","article-title":"Walking capacity in mild to moderate Parkinson's disease","volume":"87","author":"Canning","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"13","key":"2025052317030853900_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1936","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.22251","article-title":"Balance self-efficacy determines walking capacity in people with Parkinson's disease","volume":"23","author":"Mak","year":"2008","journal-title":"Mov Disord"},{"key":"2025052317030853900_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"123","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2022.11.016","article-title":"Does clinically measured walking capacity contribute to real-world walking performance in Parkinson's disease?","volume":"105","author":"Zajac","year":"2022","journal-title":"Parkinsonism Relat Disord"},{"key":"2025052317030853900_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"106132","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clineuro.2020.106132","article-title":"Physical activity in patients with Parkinson's disease: a holistic approach based on the ICF model","volume":"198","author":"Aktar","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Neurol Neurosurg"},{"issue":"6329","key":"2025052317030853900_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1607","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.284.6329.1607","article-title":"Two-, six-, and 12-minute walking tests in respiratory disease","volume":"284","author":"Butland","year":"1982","journal-title":"Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)"},{"key":"2025052317030853900_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2021.04.019","article-title":"Differences in predictors for gait speed and gait endurance in Parkinson's disease","volume":"87","author":"Shearin","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gait Posture."},{"issue":"2","key":"2025052317030853900_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1590\/0004-282x20190136","article-title":"Can fatigue predict walking capacity of patients with Parkinson's disease?","volume":"78","author":"Carvalho","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arq Neuropsiquiatr"},{"key":"2025052317030853900_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"308","DOI":"10.1016\/j.humov.2016.08.007","article-title":"Investigation of factors impacting mobility and gait in Parkinson disease","volume":"49","author":"Christofoletti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hum Mov Sci"},{"issue":"7","key":"2025052317030853900_ref12","first-page":"1519","article-title":"Exercise capacity in people with Parkinson's disease: which clinical characteristics are important? Physiother","volume":"39","author":"Khalil","journal-title":"Theory Pract"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025052317030853900_ref13","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1004","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2008.12.018","article-title":"Six-minute walk distance in persons with Parkinson disease: a hierarchical regression model","volume":"90","author":"Falvo","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"key":"2025052317030853900_ref14","volume-title":"European Physiotherapy Guideline for Parkinson\u2019s Disease","author":"Keus","year":"2014"},{"key":"2025052317030853900_ref15","volume-title":"Parkinson Evidence Database to Guide Effectiveness (PDEDGE)","author":"Kegelmeyer","year":"2021"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025052317030853900_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1097\/MRR.0000000000000205","article-title":"Clinical utility of the 6-min walk test for patients with moderate Parkinson's disease","volume":"40","author":"Kobayashi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Rehabil Res"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025052317030853900_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20070214","article-title":"Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change on balance and ambulation tests, the 36-item short-form health survey, and the unified Parkinson disease rating scale in people with parkinsonism","volume":"88","author":"Steffen","year":"2008","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025052317030853900_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"136","DOI":"10.1097\/01253086-199721040-00011","article-title":"The 2-minute walk test: a tool for evaluating walking endurance in clients with Parkinson\u02bcs disease","volume":"21","author":"Light","year":"1997","journal-title":"Neurol Rep"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025052317030853900_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"43","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apmr.2008.06.034","article-title":"Changes in walking activity and endurance following rehabilitation for people with Parkinson disease","volume":"90","author":"White","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arch Phys Med Rehabil"},{"issue":"15","key":"2025052317030853900_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"4111","DOI":"10.1080\/09638288.2021.1883748","article-title":"Designing a screening battery for exercisers with Parkinson's disease","volume":"44","author":"Slater","year":"2022","journal-title":"Disabil Rehabil"},{"key":"2025052317030853900_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-269","article-title":"Comparison of walking performance over the first 2 minutes and the full 6 minutes of the six-minute walk test","volume":"7","author":"Bohannon","year":"2014","journal-title":"BMC Res Notes"},{"key":"2025052317030853900_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2019.01.019","article-title":"Two-minute walk tests demonstrate similar age-related gait differences as a six-minute walk test","volume":"69","author":"Swanson","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gait & Posture"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025052317030853900_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"41","DOI":"10.1097\/MRR.0000000000000556","article-title":"The 2-min walk test could replace the 6-min walk test in ambulant persons with subacute or chronic stroke: a two-stage retrospective study","volume":"46","author":"Valet","year":"2023","journal-title":"Int J Rehabil Res"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025052317030853900_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"158","DOI":"10.7224\/1537-2073.2017-046","article-title":"Validation of the 2-minute walk test with the 6-minute walk test and other functional measures in persons with multiple sclerosis","volume":"20","author":"Scalzitti","year":"2018","journal-title":"Int J MS Care"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025052317030853900_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"427","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.17.5.427","article-title":"Parkinsonism: onset, progression and mortality","volume":"17","author":"Hoehn","year":"1967","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025052317030853900_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.2340\/16501977-0537","article-title":"Using psychometric techniques to improve the balance evaluation systems test: the mini-BESTest","volume":"42","author":"Franchignoni","year":"2010","journal-title":"J Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025052317030853900_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"219","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0000000000000401","article-title":"Rasch validation of the mini-BESTest in people with Parkinson disease","volume":"46","author":"Franchignoni","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Neurol Phys Ther"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025052317030853900_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2012.04.013","article-title":"Reproducibility of measures of leg muscle power, leg muscle strength, postural sway and mobility in people with Parkinson's disease","volume":"36","author":"Paul","year":"2012","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025052317030853900_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"165","DOI":"10.1519\/JPT.0000000000000068","article-title":"Test-retest reliability and minimal detectable change for the 10-meter walk test in older adults with Parkinson's disease","volume":"39","author":"Lang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Geriatr Phys Ther (2001)"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025052317030853900_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1594","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-006-0272-2","article-title":"Talking the talk on walking the walk: a 12-item generic walking scale suitable for neurological conditions?","volume":"253","author":"Holland","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Neurol"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025052317030853900_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"M28","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/50A.1.M28","article-title":"The activities-specific balance confidence (ABC) scale","volume":"50A","author":"Powell","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025052317030853900_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"199","DOI":"10.1016\/0168-8510(90)90421-9","article-title":"A new facility for the measurement of health-related quality of life","volume":"16","author":"EuroQol","year":"1990","journal-title":"Health Policy"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025052317030853900_ref33","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1164\/ajrccm.166.1.at1102","article-title":"ATS statement: guidelines for the six-minute walk test","volume":"166","author":"ATSCOPSfCPF","year":"2002","journal-title":"Am J Respir Crit Care Med"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025052317030853900_ref34","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"92","DOI":"10.2340\/1650197719702239298","article-title":"Perceived exertion as an indicator of somatic stress","volume":"2","author":"Borg","year":"1970","journal-title":"Scand J Rehabil Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025052317030853900_ref35","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2012.09.025","article-title":"Is gait variability reliable in older adults and Parkinson's disease? Towards an optimal testing protocol","volume":"37","author":"Galna","year":"2013","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"1","key":"2025052317030853900_ref36","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"356","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-023-03389-y","article-title":"Design of the STEPS trial: a phase II randomized controlled trial evaluating eHealth-supported motor-cognitive home training for Parkinson's disease","volume":"23","author":"Leavy","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Neurol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2025052317030853900_ref37","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"170","DOI":"10.1037\/1082-989X.1.2.170","article-title":"Meta-analysis of experiments with matched groups or repeated measures designs","volume":"1","author":"Dunlap","year":"1996","journal-title":"Psychol Methods"},{"issue":"12","key":"2025052317030853900_ref38","first-page":"614","article-title":"Biostatistics 104: correlational analysis","volume":"44","author":"Chan","year":"2003","journal-title":"Singapore Med J"},{"issue":"9","key":"2025052317030853900_ref39","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1339","DOI":"10.2522\/ptj.20100236","article-title":"Profile of functional limitations and task performance among people with early- and middle-stage Parkinson disease","volume":"91","author":"Schenkman","year":"2011","journal-title":"Phys Ther"},{"issue":"4","key":"2025052317030853900_ref40","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.1097\/NPT.0000000000000055","article-title":"Defining the clinically meaningful difference in gait speed in persons with Parkinson disease","volume":"38","author":"Hass","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Neurol Phys Ther"},{"key":"2025052317030853900_ref41","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1016\/j.gaitpost.2017.04.013","article-title":"Validity and repeatability of inertial measurement units for measuring gait parameters","volume":"55","author":"Washabaugh","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gait Posture"},{"issue":"5","key":"2025052317030853900_ref42","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"365","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn3475","article-title":"Power failure: why small sample size undermines the reliability of neuroscience","volume":"14","author":"Button","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat Rev Neurosci"}],"container-title":["Physical Therapy"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/ptj\/pzaf034\/62418841\/pzaf034.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article-pdf\/105\/5\/pzaf034\/62418841\/pzaf034.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article-pdf\/105\/5\/pzaf034\/62418841\/pzaf034.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,23]],"date-time":"2025-05-23T21:03:21Z","timestamp":1748034201000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ptj\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/ptj\/pzaf034\/8079096"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,16]]},"references-count":42,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,3]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/ptj\/pzaf034","relation":{},"ISSN":["0031-9023","1538-6724"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0031-9023","type":"print"},{"value":"1538-6724","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,16]]},"article-number":"pzaf034"}}