{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T02:26:50Z","timestamp":1769999210223,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1767657600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100009633","name":"Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health & Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100009633","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["F31HD101274"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["F31HD101274"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Empathic communication is recommended in chronic pain management, yet few studies have examined the role of provider communication on treatment outcomes in pain rehabilitation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The objective is to quantify associations between the frequency of empathic communication by physical therapists and patient-reported pain outcomes during routine clinical care for patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Participants and Design<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Thirty-one physical therapist-patient dyads participated in a prospective cohort study in an outpatient physical therapy clinic. Evaluation and treatment sessions were audio-recorded over 6\u00a0weeks of routine physical therapy management of chronic musculoskeletal pain.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Main Outcomes and Measures<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Empathic communication was quantified as a ratio of the frequency of empathic responses by physical therapists normalized to the frequency of empathic opportunities expressed by patients. Mixed-effects models assessed associations between physical therapist empathic communication and patient-reported pain intensity and interference over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Across 99 recorded visits, physical therapists (n\u2009=\u20098) responded empathically 67% of the time. Empathic response rates for individual providers ranged from 27% to 84%. On average, more frequent empathic communication was associated with lower pain intensity (B\u2009=\u2009\u22121.29 [95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u22122.23 to \u22120.36) and pain interference (B\u2009=\u2009\u22121.07 [95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u22122.11 to \u22120.03]). More frequent empathic communication was also associated with a greater reduction in pain intensity over time (B\u2009=\u2009\u22120.78 [95% CI\u2009=\u2009\u22121.45 to \u22120.12]).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>More frequent empathic communication is associated with lower patient-reported pain intensity and interference, along with larger and more rapid decreases in pain intensity over time. Future studies should investigate the efficacy of empathic communication skills training to improve outcomes of chronic pain management.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzag001","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,3]],"date-time":"2026-01-03T12:28:02Z","timestamp":1767443282000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["More Frequent Empathic Communication by Physical Therapists Is Associated With Improved Outcomes for Low-Impact Chronic Pain"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"106","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3650-3289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chelsea R","family":"Chapman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint Doctoral Program: Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego & School of Public Health, San Diego State University , San Diego, CA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthew D","family":"Stone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California , San Diego, CA ,","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janae","family":"Anthony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Therapy, San Diego State University , San Diego, CA \u00a0","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Patawaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Therapy, San Diego State University , San Diego, CA \u00a0","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Sinsay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Therapy, San Diego State University , San Diego, CA \u00a0","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cindy R","family":"Solomon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Therapy, San Diego State University , San Diego, CA \u00a0","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Samantha","family":"Ungson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Therapy, San Diego State University , San Diego, CA \u00a0","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4643-283X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katrina S","family":"Monroe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Physical Therapy, San Diego State University , San Diego, CA \u00a0","place":["United States"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]]},"reference":[{"issue":"9","key":"2026020109461464700_ref1","first-page":"646","article-title":"Burden of major musculoskeletal conditions","volume":"81","author":"Woolf","year":"2003","journal-title":"Bull World Health Organ"},{"issue":"5","key":"2026020109461464700_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"243","DOI":"10.2519\/jospt.2022.10707","article-title":"\u201cMy pain is Unbearable...I cannot recognize myself!\u201d emotions, cognitions, and Behaviors of people living with musculoskeletal disorders: an umbrella review","volume":"52","author":"Martinez-Calderon","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Orthop Sports Phys Ther"},{"issue":"8","key":"2026020109461464700_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1097\/AJP.0000000000000838","article-title":"Which psychological factors are involved in the onset and\/or persistence of musculoskeletal pain? 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