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Golgi staining, immunofluorescence, Western blotting, and transmission electron microscopy evaluated dendritic spine density, neuronal survival (neuronal nuclear protein [NeuN]), synaptic proteins (synaptophysin [SY38], postsynaptic density protein 95 [PSD95]), and myelin integrity (myelin basic protein) in the motor cortex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The HCP\u2009+\u2009CIMT\u2009+\u2009MT group showed greater improvement in rotarod performance than the HCP\u2009+\u2009CIMT (31.21\u00a0s [95% CI\u2009=\u20097.27 to 55.15]) and HCP\u2009+\u2009MT (26.59\u00a0s [95% CI\u2009=\u20091.50 to 51.67]) groups. Longer forelimb suspension times were observed mainly in the MT-containing groups. The HCP\u2009+\u2009CIMT\u2009+\u2009MT group showed better Y-maze performance than the HCP and single-therapy groups. Compared with these groups, the combined group showed higher expression of NeuN, SY38, PSD95, and myelin basic protein and improved myelin ultrastructure in the motor cortex.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Combined CIMT and MT may promote the recovery of motor coordination and balance, support forelimb suspension performance, and improve spatial working memory in rats with HCP. These functional improvements were accompanied by enhanced motor cortical neuroplasticity involving neuronal survival, synaptic remodeling, dendritic spine density, and myelin integrity.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Relevance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study provides preclinical evidence on the functional and neuroplastic effects of combined CIMT and MT in HCP.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzag097","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,15]],"date-time":"2026-09-15T12:03:24Z","timestamp":1789473804000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Synergistic effects of constraint-induced movement therapy and mirror therapy on neuroplasticity and functional recovery in rats with hemiplegic cerebral 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,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8092-4347","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Liru","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Women and Children\u2019s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9165-8398","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hongmei","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation, Guangzhou Women and Children\u2019s Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University , Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120 ,","place":["China"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0157-165X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jie","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of 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