{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,10]],"date-time":"2026-01-10T08:41:41Z","timestamp":1768034501722,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]],"date-time":"2018-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1545091200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>The burden of physical impairments and disabilities is growing across high-, middle-, and low-income countries, but populations across the globe continue to lack access to basic physical rehabilitation. Global shortages, uneven distributions, and insufficient skill mix of human resources for health and rehabilitation (HRH&amp;R) contribute to such inequitable access. However, there are no international standards to classify HRH&amp;R and to promote their global monitoring and development.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>In this article, we conceptually develop an international classification of HRH&amp;R based on the concept of monitoring HRH&amp;R through their stock of practices and competencies, and not simply counting rehabilitation professionals such as physical or occupational therapists. This concept accounts for the varying HRH&amp;R configurations as well as the different training, competencies, or practice regulations across locations, even within the same profession.<\/jats:p>\n               <jats:p>Our perspective specifically develops the concept of a proposed classification, its structure, and possible applications. Among the benefits, stakeholders using the classification would be able to: (1) collect locally valid and internationally comparable data on HRH&amp;R; (2) account for the rehabilitation practices and competencies among nonspecialized rehabilitation workers (eg, in less resourced\/specialized contexts); (3) track competency upgrades or practice extensions over time; (4) implement competency-based human resources management practices, such as linking remuneration to competency levels rather than to professional categories; and (5) inform the development of (inter-)professional education, practice regulation, or even task-shifting processes for the whole of HRH&amp;R. The proposed classification standard, still in a concept-development stage, could help drive policies to achieve the \u201cright\u201d stock of HRH&amp;R, in terms of practices and competencies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzy154","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,12]],"date-time":"2018-12-12T20:11:11Z","timestamp":1544645471000},"page":"396-405","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Classifying and Measuring Human Resources for Health and Rehabilitation: Concept Design of a Practices- and Competency-Based International Classification"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"99","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1300-6308","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tiago S","family":"Jesus","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine, WHO Collaborating Center on Health Workforce Policy and Planning, and Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisbon, Rua da Junqueira 100, Lisbon 1349-008, Portugal"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michel D","family":"Landry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Duke Doctor of Physical Therapy Division, Duke University Medical Center, and Duke Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gilles","family":"Dussault","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine, WHO Collaborating Center on Health Workforce Policy and Planning, and Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisbon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"In\u00eas","family":"Fronteira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health and Tropical Medicine, WHO Collaborating Center on Health Workforce Policy and Planning, and Institute of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, NOVA University of Lisbon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023011809293406400_bib1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1211","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(17)32154-2","article-title":"Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 328 diseases and injuries for 195 countries, 1990\u20132016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016","volume":"390","author":"GBD 2016 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2023011809293406400_bib2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"353","DOI":"10.1016\/j.berh.2014.08.002","article-title":"Burden of disability due to musculoskeletal (MSK) disorders","volume":"28","author":"March","year":"2014","journal-title":"Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023011809293406400_bib3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2145","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(15)00516-4","article-title":"The world report on ageing and health: a policy framework for healthy ageing","volume":"387","author":"Beard","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2023011809293406400_bib4","volume-title":"Rehabilitation 2030: A Call for Action. 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