{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T16:35:29Z","timestamp":1778690129844,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,14]],"date-time":"2019-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565740800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100010230","name":"Department of Health, Queensland","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100010230","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Health Practitioner Research Grant Scheme","award":["2013\u20132014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013\u20132014"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000925","name":"National Health and Medical Research Council","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000925","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Ulcer and Wound HEALing Consortium","award":["1117061"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1117061"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001792","name":"James Cook University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001792","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,16]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Abnormalities in gait have been associated with high plantar pressures and diabetes-related plantar foot ulcers. Whether these are a transient response to the ulcer or are representative of long-term lower limb biomechanical abnormalities is currently unknown.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim of this study was to examine whether 12 gait parameters identified as being associated with nonhealing diabetes-related plantar foot ulcers at baseline remained associated during a 6-month follow-up period.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Design<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This was a longitudinal observational case-control study.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Gait assessments were performed at entry and twice during follow-up over a 6-month period in 12 participants with nonhealing diabetes-related plantar foot ulcers (case participants) and 62 people with diabetes and no history of foot ulcers (control participants) using a standardized protocol. Linear mixed-effects random-intercept models were used to identify gait parameters that consistently differed between case participants and control participants at all assessments after adjustment for age, sex, body mass index, presence of peripheral neuropathy, and follow-up time. Standardized mean differences (SMD) were used to measure effect sizes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Five of the 12 gait parameters were significantly different between case participants and control participants at all 3 time points. Case participants had a more abducted foot progression angle (SMD\u00a0=\u00a00.37), a higher pelvic obliquity at toe-off (SMD\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.46), a greater minimum pelvic obliquity (SMD\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.52), a lower walking speed (SMD\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.46), and a smaller step length (SMD\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.46) than control participants.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Limitations<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The limitations included a small sample size, the observational nature of the study, and the inability to evaluate the impact of gait on wound healing.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This study identified abnormal gait parameters consistently associated with nonhealing diabetes-related plantar foot ulcers. Further research is needed to test the clinical importance of these gait characteristics.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/ptj\/pzz119","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,12]],"date-time":"2019-08-12T11:19:00Z","timestamp":1565608740000},"page":"1602-1615","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Gait in People With Nonhealing Diabetes-Related Plantar Ulcers"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"99","author":[{"given":"Malindu E","family":"Fernando","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ulcer and Wound Healing Consortium (UHEAL), Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease, College of Medicine and Dentistry, Australian Institute of Tropical Health Medicine, Townsville, Queensland, Australia; School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Queensland, Australia; and Movement Analysis Laboratory, Sports and Exercise Science, James Cook University , Townsville, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert G","family":"Crowther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide , South Australia, Australia, and Movement Analysis Laboratory, Sports and Exercise Science, James Cook University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter A","family":"Lazzarini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Clinical Sciences , Queensland University of Technology and Allied Health Research Collaborative, Metro North Hospital & Health Service, Queensland Health, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kunwarjit S","family":"Sangla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology , Townsville Hospital, Queensland, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Scott","family":"Wearing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Clinical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology and Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation , Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia; and Conservative and Rehabilitative Orthopaedics, Faculty for Sport and Health, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Petra","family":"Buttner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Chronic Disease Prevention, James Cook University , Cairns, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Golledge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ulcer and Wound Healing Consortium (UHEAL), Queensland Research Centre for Peripheral Vascular Disease , College of Medicine and Dentistry, Australian Institute of Tropical Health Medicine, James Cook University, 1 James Cook Drive, Douglas, QLD 4814, Australia; and Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, The Townsville Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023011903535000700_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"528","DOI":"10.1016\/S1067-2516(96)80125-6","article-title":"Classification of diabetic foot wounds","volume":"35","author":"Lavery","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Foot Ankle Surg."},{"key":"2023011903535000700_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2367","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1615439","article-title":"Diabetic foot ulcers and their recurrence","volume":"376","author":"Armstrong","year":"2017","journal-title":"N Engl J Med."},{"key":"2023011903535000700_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"645","DOI":"10.2337\/dc17-1836","article-title":"Current challenges and opportunities in the 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