{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T11:31:18Z","timestamp":1782387078667,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,29]],"date-time":"2021-05-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1622246400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Estimates in the research literature on the health-related quality of life (QOL) associated with pneumococcal disease exhibit variation. It complicates the selection of estimates in modeling projects that evaluate the health impact and economic value of the prevention and treatment. This study reviewed the literature and developed pooled QOL estimates associated with pneumococcal disease states.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We searched peer-reviewed literature for studies that reported pneumococcal disease-related QOL estimates. For each study, we extracted QOL estimates and categorized by age group and disease state. QOL estimates were converted to quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Pooled QALY estimates were calculated using simple average, sample-size weighting and inverse-variance weighting.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>From 18 studies, we organized QOL estimates into 20 groups based on age and disease state. We observed the largest within-disease state variations of QALY estimates in meningitis-related disease states compared to other disease states. Across all age\u2013disease state categories, the pooled QALY estimates ranged from 0.39 for meningitis with long-term sequelae among 0- to 18-year-olds, to 1.00 for non-inpatient pneumonia among 0- to 18-year-olds.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our results indicated disparities in QOL estimates associated with pneumococcal disease from the literature. Pooled estimates provided a source of consistency that can be used in future modeling efforts.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdab159","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,6]],"date-time":"2021-05-06T13:26:49Z","timestamp":1620307609000},"page":"e234-e240","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A review of health-related quality of life associated with pneumococcal disease: pooled estimates by age and type of disease"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Zhaoli","family":"Tang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Berry Technology Solutions , Contractor for National Center for Immunization Services and Respiratory Diseases, , 1600 Clifton Road, NE, MS A-19, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"},{"name":"CDC , Contractor for National Center for Immunization Services and Respiratory Diseases, , 1600 Clifton Road, NE, MS A-19, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Almea","family":"Matanock","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Global Health , , Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"},{"name":"CDC , , Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seonghye","family":"Jeon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Diseases , , Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"},{"name":"CDC , , Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew J","family":"Leidner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Immunization Services and Respiratory Diseases , , Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"},{"name":"CDC , , Atlanta, GA 30329, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,29]]},"reference":[{"issue":"11","key":"2022062706005977200_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1191","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30310-4","article-title":"Estimates of the global, regional, and national morbidity, mortality, and aetiologies of lower respiratory infections in 195 countries, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016","volume":"18","author":"GBD 2016 Lower Respiratory Infections Collaborators","year":"2018","journal-title":"Lancet Infect Dis"},{"key":"2022062706005977200_ref2","author":"Immunization Schedules"},{"issue":"46","key":"2022062706005977200_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1069","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6846a5","article-title":"Use of 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine among adults aged \u226565 years: updated recommendations of the advisory committee on immunization practices","volume":"68","author":"Matanock","year":"2019","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"2022062706005977200_ref4","volume-title":"Overview of Three Economic Analyses of Pneumococcal Vaccinations at Age 65","author":"Leidner","year":"2019"},{"issue":"7","key":"2022062706005977200_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1770","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vaccine.2019.12.029","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of continuing pneumococcal conjugate vaccination at age 65 in the context of indirect effects from the childhood immunization program","volume":"38","author":"Stoecker","year":"2020","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"issue":"1","key":"2022062706005977200_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"111","DOI":"10.1007\/s10900-019-00716-8","article-title":"Cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal vaccination and uptake improvement programs in underserved and general population adults aged\u2009&lt;\u200965 years","volume":"45","author":"Wateska","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Community Health"},{"key":"2022062706005977200_ref7"},{"key":"2022062706005977200_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"87","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-78665-0_5","volume-title":"Handbook of Disease Burdens and Quality of Life Measures","author":"Gusi","year":"2010"},{"key":"2022062706005977200_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1186\/1477-7525-1-54","article-title":"The health utilities index (HUI): concepts, measurement properties and applications","volume":"1","author":"Horsman","year":"2003","journal-title":"Health Qual Life Outcomes"},{"issue":"3","key":"2022062706005977200_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"217","DOI":"10.1002\/hec.4730020305","article-title":"The RAND 36-Item Health Survey 1.0","volume":"2","author":"Hays","year":"1993","journal-title":"Health Econ"},{"key":"2022062706005977200_ref11","volume-title":"Quality of Well Being Self-Administered (QWB-SA) Scale","author":"Seiber","year":"2008"},{"issue":"6","key":"2022062706005977200_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1465","DOI":"10.1007\/s11136-020-02426-4","article-title":"Whom should we ask? 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