{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T18:39:06Z","timestamp":1793126346969,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696896000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Previous studies suggest that trends of cancer of colon, rectum and anus (CRA) incidence and mortality have been decreasing in recent decades. However, the trends are not uniform across age groups. This study aimed to assess the trends of the cancer of CRA burden worldwide.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A descriptive study was carried out with a joinpoint regression analysis using the database of the Global Burden of Disease study.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>About 2.2 million new cases of cancer of CRA were diagnosed in the world in 2019, whereby cancer of CRA caused ~1.1 million deaths. Globally, the incidence trend in both sexes together was increasing in 1990\u20132019, while the mortality trend was decreasing. The highest rise both in incidence and mortality was observed in the East Asia region (by 3.6% per year and by 1.4% per year, respectively) and the Andean Latin America region (by 2.7% per year and by 1.2% per year, respectively). However, of particular concern is the significant increase in the incidence (by 1.7% per year) and mortality (by 0.5% per year) from cancer of CRA in people aged 15\u201349.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Unfavorable trends in cancer of CRA in the young require more attention in management plans.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdad197","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T10:50:44Z","timestamp":1697021444000},"page":"20-29","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Cancer of colon, rectum and anus: the rising burden of disease worldwide from 1990 to 2019"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Milena","family":"Ilic","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology , Faculty of Medical Sciences, , Kragujevac 34000 , Serbia"},{"name":"University of Kragujevac , Faculty of Medical Sciences, , Kragujevac 34000 , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irena","family":"Ilic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade , Belgrade 11000 , Serbia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2024022816403225400_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"209","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21660","article-title":"Global cancer statistics 2020: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries","volume":"71","author":"Sung","year":"2021","journal-title":"CA Cancer J Clin"},{"key":"2024022816403225400_ref2","volume-title":"Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today","author":"Ferlay","year":"2020"},{"issue":"5 Suppl","key":"2024022816403225400_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1142","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.22011","article-title":"Secular changes in colorectal cancer incidence by subsite, stage at diagnosis, and race\/ethnicity, 1992-2001","volume":"107","author":"Cress","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024022816403225400_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/CEJ.0b013e32831362e7","article-title":"Increasing incidence and decreasing mortality of colorectal cancer due to marked cohort effects in southern Netherlands","volume":"18","author":"Steenbergen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer Prev"},{"issue":"8","key":"2024022816403225400_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"djw322","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djw322","article-title":"Colorectal cancer incidence patterns in the United States, 1974-2013","volume":"109","author":"Siegel","year":"2017","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024022816403225400_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1007\/s10552-013-0193-1","article-title":"A birth cohort analysis of the incidence of ascending and descending colon cancer in the United States, 1973-2008","volume":"24","author":"Zhu","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cancer Causes Control"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024022816403225400_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejca.2004.11.014","article-title":"Converging patterns of colorectal cancer mortality in Europe","volume":"41","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez","year":"2005","journal-title":"Eur J Cancer"},{"key":"2024022816403225400_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2018.00504","article-title":"Defining early-onset colon and rectal cancers","volume":"8","author":"Jacobs","year":"2018","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"2","key":"2024022816403225400_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1002\/cncr.33916","article-title":"Trends in the incidence of early-onset colorectal cancer in all 50 United States from 2001 through 2017","volume":"128","author":"Shah","year":"2022","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2024022816403225400_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1132306","DOI":"10.3389\/fonc.2023.1132306","article-title":"Risk factors for early-onset colorectal cancer: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"13","author":"Hua","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front Oncol"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024022816403225400_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.02.026","article-title":"Differences in incidence and mortality trends of colorectal cancer worldwide based on sex, age, and anatomic location","volume":"19","author":"Wong","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"key":"2024022816403225400_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46958019880696","DOI":"10.1177\/0046958019880696","article-title":"Health care expenditure burden of cancer care in the United States","volume":"56","author":"Park","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inquiry"},{"key":"2024022816403225400_ref13","volume-title":"Cancer Care","author":"The Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)","year":"2016"},{"issue":"5","key":"2024022816403225400_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"djv382","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djv382","article-title":"Annual medical expenditure and productivity loss among colorectal, female breast, and prostate cancer survivors in the United States","volume":"108","author":"Zheng","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Natl Cancer Inst"},{"key":"2024022816403225400_ref15","volume-title":"Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD 2019) Results","author":"Global Burden of Disease Collaborative Network","year":"2020"},{"key":"2024022816403225400_ref16","volume-title":"International Classification of Disease and Related Health Problems: 10th Revision World Health Organization","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1992"},{"issue":"10062","key":"2024022816403225400_ref17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e19","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(16)30388-9","article-title":"Et al; (the GATHER working group). Guidelines for accurate and transparent health estimates reporting: the GATHER statement","volume":"388","author":"Stevens","year":"2016","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024022816403225400_ref18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-0258(20000215)19:3<335::AID-SIM336>3.0.CO;2-Z","article-title":"Permutation tests for joinpoint regression with applications to cancer rates","volume":"19","author":"Kim","year":"2000","journal-title":"Stat Med"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024022816403225400_ref19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2015-310912","article-title":"Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer incidence and mortality","volume":"66","author":"Arnold","year":"2017","journal-title":"Gut"},{"issue":"6","key":"2024022816403225400_ref20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2021.01.037","article-title":"Risk factors for early-onset colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"O'Sullivan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol"},{"issue":"12","key":"2024022816403225400_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2179","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2019-319511","article-title":"Global patterns and trends in colorectal cancer incidence in young adults","volume":"68","author":"Siegel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2024022816403225400_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1637","DOI":"10.1136\/gutjnl-2014-309086","article-title":"Colorectal cancer screening: a global overview of existing programmes","volume":"64","author":"Schreuders","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gut"},{"key":"2024022816403225400_ref23","volume-title":"SEER Cancer Statistics Review, 1975\u20132018, National Cancer Institute. Bethesda, MD, based on November 2020 SEER data submission, posted to the SEER web site","author":"Howlader"},{"issue":"1","key":"2024022816403225400_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11888-018-0396-7","article-title":"Is timing important? The role of diet and lifestyle during early life on colorectal neoplasia","volume":"14","author":"Nimptsch","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr Colorectal Cancer Rep"},{"issue":"23","key":"2024022816403225400_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5933","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers13235933","article-title":"The role of diet and lifestyle in early-onset colorectal cancer: a systematic review","volume":"13","author":"Puzzono","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2024022816403225400_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"293","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clcc.2017.06.002","article-title":"Early-onset colorectal cancer is distinct from traditional colorectal cancer","volume":"16","author":"Yeo","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin Colorectal Cancer"},{"issue":"4","key":"2024022816403225400_ref27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2016.5194","article-title":"Prevalence and spectrum of germline cancer susceptibility gene mutations among patients with early-onset colorectal cancer","volume":"3","author":"Pearlman","year":"2017","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"3","key":"2024022816403225400_ref28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"420","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaoncol.2021.6987","article-title":"Cancer incidence, mortality, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life years for 29 cancer groups from 2010 to 2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"8","author":"Global Burden of Disease 2019 Cancer Collaboration","year":"2022","journal-title":"JAMA Oncol"},{"issue":"10258","key":"2024022816403225400_ref29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1204","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30925-9","article-title":"Global burden of 369 diseases and injuries in 204 countries and territories, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019","volume":"396","author":"GBD 2019 Diseases and Injuries Collaborators","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"issue":"19","key":"2024022816403225400_ref30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1998","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2021.5746","article-title":"Colorectal cancer screening: an updated modeling study for the US Preventive Services Task Force","volume":"325","author":"Knudsen","year":"2021","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"2024022816403225400_ref31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101673","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2022.101673","article-title":"Stark differences in cancer epidemiological data between GLOBOCAN and GBD: emphasis on oral cancer and wider implications","volume":"54","author":"Fan","year":"2022","journal-title":"EClinicalMedicine"},{"key":"2024022816403225400_ref32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s13690-019-0383-8","article-title":"How do world and European standard populations impact burden of disease studies? A case study of disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) in Scotland","volume":"78","author":"Wyper","year":"2020","journal-title":"Arch Public Health"}],"container-title":["Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpubhealth\/article-pdf\/46\/1\/20\/56776151\/fdad197.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpubhealth\/article-pdf\/46\/1\/20\/56776151\/fdad197.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,30]],"date-time":"2024-10-30T16:01:29Z","timestamp":1730304089000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpubhealth\/article\/46\/1\/20\/7304052"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,23]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/pubmed\/fdad197","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-3842","1741-3850"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-3842","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-3850","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]]}}}