{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T13:51:27Z","timestamp":1768312287439,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1738022400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Insights Prioritisation Programme"},{"name":"NHS England's Accelerated Access Collaborative"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health and Care Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"NIHR Applied Research Collaboration Greater Manchester","award":["NIHR200174"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIHR200174"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000276","name":"Department of Health and Social Care","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000276","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,29]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>As the UK COVID-19 vaccination programme progressed, greater emphasis was placed on the implementation of localized targeted vaccination activities to address inequalities in vaccination coverage. This study examines one UK region\u2019s approach to the delivery of targeted vaccination activities and identifies key factors influencing implementation.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Qualitative interviews were conducted with a purposive sample of key individuals involved in vaccination delivery across Greater Manchester (GM). A rapid analysis approach was adopted. A template based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research helped to guide analysis.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Twenty-seven participants were interviewed, from nine of the 10 GM localities. All areas planned to implement targeted vaccination activity, but size and scope varied. Five factors influencing the implementation of targeted vaccination approaches were identified: (i) integrated working; (ii) data availability and monitoring, (iii) engagement with populations and communities, (iv) resources and infrastructure, and (v) external policies and procedures.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The study provides wider lessons for future public health interventions around the need for collaborative working, adequately resourced community engagement, appropriate data, long-term workforce\/system planning and coherence in policy and messaging. These findings have led to the generation of six key insights for the implementation of future targeted vaccination programmes.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdaf006","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T03:41:20Z","timestamp":1738035680000},"page":"258-267","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Implementing targeted vaccination activities to address inequalities in vaccination: a qualitative study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0009-1470","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fay","family":"Bradley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester , Jean McFarlane Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pauline A","family":"Nelson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sheffield University Management School, The University of Sheffield , Conduit Road, Sheffield, S10 1FL ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jo","family":"Dumville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nursing, Midwifery and Social Work, School of Health Sciences, The University of Manchester , Jean McFarlane Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL ,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025053004271333900_ref1","volume-title":"Landmark Moment as First NHS Patient Receives COVID-19 Vaccination","author":"NHS England"},{"key":"2025053004271333900_ref2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e070344","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj-2022-070344","article-title":"Implementation of COVID-19 vaccination in the United Kingdom","volume":"378","author":"Majeed","year":"2022","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"2025053004271333900_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-023-09350-6","article-title":"Adapting SARS-CoV-2 vaccination delivery in England to population needs: a thematic analysis of providers and commissioner's perceptions","volume":"23","author":"Ismail","year":"2023","journal-title":"BMC Health Serv Res"},{"key":"2025053004271333900_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","volume-title":"COVID-19 Vaccine Coverage and Targeted Interventions to Improve Vaccination Uptake","author":"Mutebi","DOI":"10.58248\/RR70"},{"issue":"6","key":"2025053004271333900_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0286529","article-title":"COVID-19 vaccine roll-out in England: a qualitative evaluation","volume":"18","author":"Mounier-Jack","year":"2023","journal-title":"PloS One"},{"key":"2025053004271333900_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1479","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18713-5","article-title":"Interventions to increase vaccination in vulnerable groups: rapid overview of reviews","volume":"24","author":"Norman","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2025053004271333900_ref7","volume-title":"Build Back Fairer: The COVID-19 Marmot Review","author":"Marmot","year":"2020"},{"issue":"3","key":"2025053004271333900_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1003932","article-title":"Ethnic inequalities in COVID-19 vaccine uptake and comparison to seasonal influenza vaccine uptake in greater Manchester, UK: a cohort study","volume":"19","author":"Watkinson","year":"2022","journal-title":"PLoS Med"},{"key":"2025053004271333900_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1186\/1748-5908-4-50","article-title":"Fostering implementation of health services research findings into practice: a consolidated framework for advancing implementation science","volume":"4","author":"Damschroder","year":"2009","journal-title":"Implement Sci"},{"key":"2025053004271333900_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1080\/00380237.2018.1544514","article-title":"A pragmatic definition of the concept of theoretical saturation","volume":"52","author":"Low","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sociol Focus"},{"key":"2025053004271333900_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"67","DOI":"10.1186\/s13012-021-01111-5","article-title":"Rapid versus traditional qualitative analysis using the consolidated framework for implementation research (CFIR)","volume":"16","author":"Nevedal","year":"2021","journal-title":"Implementation Sci"},{"key":"2025053004271333900_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2017-019993","article-title":"Can rapid approaches to qualitative analysis deliver timely, valid findings to clinical leaders? 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