{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,2]],"date-time":"2025-12-02T08:45:24Z","timestamp":1764665124208,"version":"3.46.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1739145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background and objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that significantly impacts individuals\u2019 quality of life and imposes a substantial social burden on patients and society. Despite its global socioeconomic implications, limited research has focused on the social burden of MS. This study aimed to assess the social burden of MS in Georgia by evaluating the health-related quality of life of MS patients and exploring the correlation between disease burden and quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methodology<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This cross-sectional study was performed to assess the social burden of the disease by evaluating the impact of the disease on the quality of life of 384 patients with MS. The Multiple Sclerosis Quality of Life-54 questionnaire was administered to assess quality of life.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Expanded Disability Status Scale score was significantly negatively correlated with the physical health composite score (r\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.249, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.001) and the general quality of life score (r\u00a0=\u00a0\u22120.220, P\u00a0&amp;lt;\u00a0.001). The quality of life was highly associated with gender, employment status, living\/residence place, and moderately with age.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and implications<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study revealed the intricate interplay between disability, quality of life, and sociodemographic factors among Georgian MS patients. The results of the study highlight the need for specialized therapies, networks of support, and public health initiatives to lessen the societal cost of MS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdaf018","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]],"date-time":"2025-02-10T10:45:58Z","timestamp":1739184358000},"page":"828-836","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Understanding the social burden of multiple sclerosis patients in Georgia: a comprehensive analysis of quality of life and sociodemographic factors"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"47","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-2488-6498","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Khutsishvili","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sociology, School of Health Sciences and Public Health, University of Georgia , Merab Kostava St, Tbilisi 0171 ,","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nino","family":"Ganugrava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Sociology, School of Health Sciences and Public Health, University of Georgia , Merab Kostava St, Tbilisi 0171 ,","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Janelidze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Tbilisi State Medical University , Vazha Pshavela Avenue 33, Tbilisi 0177 ,","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tamar","family":"Vashadze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University , Ilia Chavchavadze Avenue 1, Tbilisi 0179 ,","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"Kiziria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, P. Sarajishvli Institute of Neurology , Tevdore Mgvdeli St. 13b, Tbilisi 7679 ,","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marika","family":"Megrelishvili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, Ilia State University , Giorgi Tsereteli str. 1, Tbilisi 0162 ,","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Tsiskaridze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University , Ilia Chavchavadze Avenue 1, Tbilisi 0179 ,","place":["Georgia"]}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2025120203423814400_ref1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1212\/CPJ.0000000000000418","article-title":"Lower prevalence of multiple sclerosis in first nations Canadians","volume":"8","author":"Marrie","year":"2018","journal-title":"Neurol Clin Pract"},{"key":"2025120203423814400_ref2"},{"key":"2025120203423814400_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"S5","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2016.07.003","article-title":"Brain health: time matters in multiple sclerosis","volume":"9","author":"Dobson","year":"2016","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"2025120203423814400_ref4","first-page":"1","article-title":"Economic burden of multiple sclerosis in Georgia","volume":"322","author":"Gugutsidze","year":"2022","journal-title":"Georgian Med News"},{"volume-title":"Statistical Year Book","year":"2022","author":"NCDC","key":"2025120203423814400_ref5"},{"key":"2025120203423814400_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1111\/cch.12638","article-title":"``I'm not what I used to be'': a qualitative study exploring how young people experience being diagnosed with a chronic illness","volume":"45","author":"Kirk","year":"2019","journal-title":"Child Care Health Dev"},{"key":"2025120203423814400_ref7","first-page":"6","article-title":"Medical, psychosocial, and vocational aspects of multiple sclerosis: implications for rehabilitation professionals","volume":"82","author":"Bishop","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Rehabil"},{"key":"2025120203423814400_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"227","DOI":"10.1016\/j.msard.2013.09.004","article-title":"Burden of multiple sclerosis on direct, indirect costs and quality of life: national US estimates","volume":"3","author":"Campbell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Mult Scler Relat Disord"},{"key":"2025120203423814400_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458517708141","article-title":"New insights into the burden and costs of multiple sclerosis in Europe: results for Germany","volume":"23","author":"Flachenecker","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"2025120203423814400_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(23)01473-3","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis","volume":"403","author":"Jakimovski","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"2025120203423814400_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"104","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458517708176","article-title":"New insights into the burden and costs of multiple sclerosis in Europe: results for Italy","volume":"23","author":"Battaglia","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mult Scler"},{"key":"2025120203423814400_ref12","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"226","DOI":"10.1186\/s12883-014-0226-8","article-title":"Multiple sclerosis in the far north - 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