{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T14:13:37Z","timestamp":1788272017265,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"funder":[{"name":"Department of Science and Technology of Tra Vinh","award":["30\/HD-SKHCN"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30\/HD-SKHCN"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The double burden of malnutrition is increasingly evident in low- and middle-income countries; however, data on ethnic minority children (Khmer, Cham, and Hoa) in Vietnam remain scarce, possibly due to underrepresentation in surveillance, dietary transition, and limited access to health services.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This community-based cross-sectional study involved 714 ethnic minority children aged 5\u201316\u00a0years in Tra Vinh province, Vietnam, with anthropometry, body composition (InBody 270), and dietary factors assessed using standard protocols.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The prevalence of stunting, thinness, and overweight\/obesity was 6.3%, 22.6%, and 16.4%, respectively. Stunting was associated with paternal primary education (adjusted odds ratios [AOR]\u00a0=\u00a02.79, 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 1.20\u20136.47) and breakfast skipping (AOR\u00a0=\u00a02.10, 95% CI: 1.07\u20134.09). Thinness was associated with household poverty (AOR\u00a0=\u00a01.74, 95% CI: 1.14\u20132.66) but inversely with nutrition knowledge (AOR\u00a0=\u00a00.95, 95% CI: 0.90\u20130.99). Overweight\/obesity was associated with age 5\u201310\u00a0years (AOR\u00a0=\u00a01.61, 95% CI: 1.06\u20132.44) and higher Non-Communicable Disease (NCD)-Protect dietary scores (reflecting consumption of foods protective against non-communicable diseases) (AOR\u00a0=\u00a01.12, 95% CI: 1.02\u20131.23). Many children with normal nutritional status showed substantial body composition abnormalities.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Ethnic minority children experience a substantial double burden of malnutrition, and abnormal body composition among those with normal anthropometry highlights limitations of conventional nutrition monitoring.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/pubmed\/fdag049","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T17:35:41Z","timestamp":1782495341000},"page":"652-660","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Double burden of malnutrition and body composition among ethnic minority children aged 5\u201316\u00a0years in Tra Vinh, Vietnam: a community-based study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Lan Thi Hoang","family":"Bui","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City , 217 Hong Bang, Cho Lon Ward, Ho Chi Minh City 70000 ,","place":["Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anh Nguyen Quynh","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Department, Vinmec Central Park Hospital , 208 Nguyen Huu Canh, Thanh My Tay Ward, Ho Chi Minh City 70000 ,","place":["Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lan Anh Thi","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City , 217 Hong Bang, Cho Lon Ward, Ho Chi Minh City 70000 ,","place":["Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phuong Thi Thu","family":"Pham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City , 217 Hong Bang, Cho Lon Ward, Ho Chi Minh City 70000 ,","place":["Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trung Quoc Hieu","family":"Huynh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Postgraduate Training, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City , 217 Hong Bang, Cho Lon Ward, Ho Chi Minh City 70000 ,","place":["Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Phuc Truong Vinh","family":"Le","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City , 217 Hong Bang, Cho Lon Ward, Ho Chi Minh City 70000 ,","place":["Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Binh Vo Tran","family":"Trong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City , 217 Hong Bang, Cho Lon Ward, Ho Chi Minh City 70000 ,","place":["Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dung","family":"Van Truong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vinh Long Center for Disease Control , 36 To Thi Huynh, Ward Tra Vinh, Vinh Long Province 870000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Linh Duc","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vinh Long Center for Disease Control , 36 To Thi Huynh, Ward Tra Vinh, Vinh Long Province 870000, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2512-8281","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Truc Thanh","family":"Thai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Public Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy at Ho Chi Minh City , 217 Hong Bang, Cho Lon Ward, Ho Chi Minh City 70000 ,","place":["Vietnam"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref1","volume-title":"Levels and Trends in Child Malnutrition: UNICEF\/WHO\/The World Bank Group Joint Child Malnutrition Estimates: Key Findings of the 2021 Edition","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref2","volume-title":"Global Action Plan for the Prevention and Control of Noncommunicable Diseases 2013\u20132020","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2025"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref3","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"414","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqy105","article-title":"The double burden of malnutrition among adolescents: analysis of data from the global school-based student health and health behavior in school-aged children surveys in 57 low- and middle-income countries","volume":"108","author":"Caleyachetty","year":"2018","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref4","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","volume":"3","journal-title":"BMJ Public Health","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjph-2024-001177"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref5","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e13514","DOI":"10.1111\/mcn.13514","article-title":"Dietary patterns and child, parental, and societal factors associated with being overweight and obesity in Vietnamese children living in Ho chi minh city","volume":"20 Suppl 2","author":"Mai","year":"2024","journal-title":"Matern Child Nutr"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref6","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph16214060","article-title":"Ethnic variations in nutritional status among preschool children in northern Vietnam: a cross-sectional study","volume":"16","author":"Le","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref7","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"75","DOI":"10.1016\/s0140-6736(19)32472-9","article-title":"The double burden of malnutrition: aetiological pathways and consequences for health","volume":"395","author":"Wells","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet."},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref8","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"1226","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2004.06.004","article-title":"Bioelectrical impedance analysis--part I: review of principles and methods","volume":"23","author":"Kyle","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref9","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.35940\/ijmh.D0471.124419","article-title":"Interethnic relations \u2013 the case of Khmer in Tra Vinh Province","volume":"4","author":"Nguyen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int J Manag Humanities"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref10","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"960","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-18419-8","article-title":"Prevalence, determinants, intervention strategies and current gaps in addressing childhood malnutrition in Vietnam: a systematic review","volume":"24","author":"Mondon","year":"2024","journal-title":"BMC Public Health"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref11","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"658","DOI":"10.4162\/nrp.2022.16.5.658","article-title":"Double burden of malnutrition in ethnic minority school-aged children living in mountainous areas of Vietnam and its association with nutritional behavior","volume":"16","author":"Truong","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nutr Res Pract"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref12","volume-title":"Growth Reference Data for 5\u201319 Years","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2007"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref13","article-title":"Guidelines for assessing nutrition-related knowledge, attitudes and practices","author":"Fautsch","year":"2014"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref14","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"340","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2022.12.014","article-title":"The DQQ is a valid tool to collect population-level food group consumption data: a study among women in Ethiopia, Vietnam, and Solomon Islands","volume":"153","author":"Uyar","year":"2023","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref15","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"2135","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/nxac127","article-title":"Development, validity, and cross-context equivalence of the child food insecurity experiences scale for assessing food insecurity of school-age children and adolescents","volume":"152","author":"Frongillo","year":"2022","journal-title":"J Nutr"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref16","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"212","DOI":"10.1186\/s12982-024-00339-y","article-title":"Prevalence and trends of double burden of malnutrition at household-level in south and Southeast Asia","volume":"21","author":"Talukder","year":"2024","journal-title":"Discover Public Health"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref17","volume-title":"Children in Vietnam: Key Statistics","author":"UNICEF"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref18","volume-title":"The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2023","author":"UNICEF"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref19","volume-title":"Vietnam Poverty and Equity Assessment","author":"World Bank"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref20","volume-title":"Prevention of Overweight and Obesity in Children","author":"UNICEF"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref21","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"160","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajcnut.2022.11.008","article-title":"Sugar-sweetened beverage consumption and weight gain in children and adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials","volume":"117","author":"Nguyen","year":"2023","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref22","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12939-017-0603-1","article-title":"Determinants of intra-household food allocation between adults in South Asia - a systematic review","volume":"16","author":"Harris-Fry","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Equity Health"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref23","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"e2021168","DOI":"10.23750\/abm.v92i1.11346","article-title":"Early and long-term consequences of nutritional stunting: from childhood to adulthood","volume":"92","author":"De Sanctis","year":"2021","journal-title":"Acta Biomed"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref24","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020413","article-title":"Visceral adiposity index (VAI) in children and adolescents with obesity: no association with daily energy intake but promising tool to identify metabolic syndrome (MetS)","volume":"13","author":"Vizzuso","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nutrients."},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref25","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"11591","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph191811591","article-title":"Body composition and anthropometric indicators in children and adolescents 6\u201315 years old","volume":"19","author":"Kobyli\u0144ska","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int J Environ Res Public Health"},{"key":"2026090109165406800_ref26","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","first-page":"779","DOI":"10.4103\/2230-8210.192908","article-title":"Relationship of lean mass and obesity in Indian urban children and adolescents","volume":"20","author":"Garg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J Endocrinol Metab"}],"container-title":["Journal of Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpubhealth\/article-pdf\/48\/3\/652\/68628707\/fdag049.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpubhealth\/article-pdf\/48\/3\/652\/68628707\/fdag049.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]],"date-time":"2026-09-01T13:16:59Z","timestamp":1788268619000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/jpubhealth\/article\/48\/3\/652\/8719110"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,1]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/pubmed\/fdag049","relation":{},"ISSN":["1741-3842","1741-3850"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1741-3842","type":"print"},{"value":"1741-3850","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2026,9]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]}}}