{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T06:12:19Z","timestamp":1777529539498,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]],"date-time":"2020-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81670409"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81670409"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background<\/jats:title><jats:p>Cardiovascular disease (CVD) was in common in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients and associated with unfavorable outcomes. We aimed to compare the clinical observations and outcomes of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected patients with or without CVD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients with laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection were clinically evaluated at Wuhan Seventh People\u2019s Hospital, Wuhan, China, from 23 January to 14 March 2020. Demographic data, laboratory findings, comorbidities, treatments and outcomes were collected and analyzed in COVID-19 patients with and without CVD.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Among 596 patients with COVID-19, 215 (36.1%) of them with CVD. Compared with patients without CVD, these patients were significantly older (66 vs. 52\u2009years) and had higher proportion of men (52.5% vs. 43.8%). Complications in the course of disease were more common in patients with CVD, included acute respiratory distress syndrome (22.8% vs. 8.1%), malignant arrhythmias (3.7% vs. 1.0%) including ventricular tachycardia\/ventricular fibrillation, acute coagulopathy(7.9% vs. 1.8%) and acute kidney injury (11.6% vs. 3.4%). The rate of glucocorticoid therapy (36.7% vs. 25.5%), Vitamin C (23.3% vs. 11.8%), mechanical ventilation (21.9% vs. 7.6%), intensive care unit admission (12.6% vs. 3.7%) and mortality (16.7% vs. 4.7%) were higher in patients with CVD (both P\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.05). The multivariable Cox regression models showed that older age (\u226565\u2009years old) (HR 3.165, 95% CI 1.722\u20135.817) and patients with CVD (HR 2.166, 95% CI 1.189\u20133.948) were independent risk factors for death.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>CVD are independent risk factors for COVID-19 patients. COVID-19 patients with CVD were more severe and had higher mortality rate, early intervention and vigilance should be taken.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcaa246","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,7]],"date-time":"2020-08-07T07:29:57Z","timestamp":1596785397000},"page":"876-882","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Defining heart disease risk for death in COVID-19 infection"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"113","author":[{"given":"J","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"T","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Dong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease, Wuhan Seventh People\u2019s Hospital, 6 Zhongnan 2nd Road, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"X","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"W","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, 115 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, 169 East Lake Road, Wuhan 430071, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021010516502650500_hcaa246-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"727","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2001017","article-title":"China novel coronavirus investigating and research team. 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