{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T12:47:07Z","timestamp":1776430027129,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,8]],"date-time":"2021-06-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623110400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Although the elderly population remains at high risk for tuberculosis, studies addressing tuberculous meningitis (TBM) in this age group are scarce. The present study aimed to evaluate the spectrum and outcome of geriatric TBM and document differences between older and young patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A prospective cohort study was conducted in the adult TBM patients admitted at PGIMER, Chandigarh (India). Consecutive older patients aged 60\u2009years and above were enrolled from January 2019 to December 2020, and young adults aged 18\u201359\u2009years were enrolled from July 2019 to December 2019.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Fifty-five older patients with a mean age of 66.6\u2009years and 73 young patients with a mean age of 35.1\u2009years were enrolled. At admission, older patients were more likely to have altered mental status (96.4% vs. 78.1%, P\u2009=\u20090.003) and advanced disease with British medical research council staging 2 or 3 (98.2% vs. 89.0%, P\u2009=\u20090.043); however, headache (38.2% vs. 67.1%, P\u2009=\u20090.001), vomiting (18.2% vs. 35.6%, P\u2009=\u20090.030) and fever (80.0% vs. 91.8%, P\u2009=\u20090.052) were less common. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) abnormalities were less marked in older patients, with a significant difference in median total cells (70 vs. 110\/\u00b5l, P\u2009=\u20090.013). Hydrocephalous and infarct were common neuroimaging abnormalities in both groups; however, tuberculomas were significantly less in the elderly (15.1% vs. 35.2%, P\u2009=\u20090.012). Older patients had a significantly low survival rate (56.4% vs. 76.7%, P\u2009=\u20090.021).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Significant differences in clinical, CSF and radiological characteristics exist between elderly and young TBM patients, with survival remains dismal in the elderly.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcab162","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,7]],"date-time":"2021-06-07T11:30:02Z","timestamp":1623065402000},"page":"381-387","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Tuberculous meningitis in the elderly"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"N","family":"Rahman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\u2002 of Internal Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Nehru Hospital From the 1 , 4th floor, F block, Sector 12 , Chandigarh 160012, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4476-3478","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A K","family":"Pannu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal\u2002 Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Nehru Hospital From the 1 , 4th floor, F block, Sector 12 , Chandigarh 160012, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Yadav","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\u2002 of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research , Research Block A, Sector 12 , Chandigarh 160012, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Sethi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department\u2002 of Medical Microbiology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research , Research Block A, Sector 12\u2002 , Chandigarh 160012, 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