{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,3]],"date-time":"2026-02-03T17:46:47Z","timestamp":1770140807714,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]],"date-time":"2021-06-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623888000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:p>Uremia affects all parts of the immune system. Since hemodialysis patients travel to the dialysis center three times per week and are surrounded by many other patients and staffs, these could predispose them to a greater risk of coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) infection. Mortality associated with COVID-19 infection is high in patients receiving dialysis. Currently, the World Health Organization has approved six types of vaccines (ChAdOx1-S, Ad26.COV2.S, BNT162b2, mRNA-1273, BBIBP-CorV and CoronaVac) for COVID-19. Literature data regarding the response rate toward COVID-19 vaccination in dialysis patients is inconclusive. The published response rates varied from 29.6% to 96.4%. The variable response rates across these clinical trials may be explained by different vaccine types, vaccine doses, criteria for positive immune response, timings of antibody detection, races and ethnicities. Side effects of COVID-19 vaccination comprise of pain at injection site, fatigue, myalgia, headache, low fever, syncope, pericarditis, etc. Clinical predictors of positive response toward COVID-19 vaccination include age, previous infection, immunosuppressive therapy, body mass index and serum albumin level. No one is safe until everyone is safe. Therefore, vaccination against COVID-19 infection in dialysis patients is an urgent issue of worldwide concern.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcab171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,15]],"date-time":"2021-06-15T19:13:07Z","timestamp":1623784387000},"page":"440-444","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["COVID-19 vaccination and dialysis patients: why the variable response"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"114","author":[{"given":"J -S","family":"Yen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I -K","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0907-1505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"T -H","family":"Yen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Clinical Poison Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Kweishan, Taoyuan 33305, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"2021110611401447200_hcab171-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.2215\/CJN.03500321","article-title":"Humoral response to the Pfizer BNT162b2 vaccine in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis","author":"Grupper","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin J Am Soc Nephrol"},{"key":"2021110611401447200_hcab171-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"360","DOI":"10.3390\/vaccines9040360","article-title":"Humoral response to SARS-CoV-2-vaccination with BNT162b2 (Pfizer-BioNTech) in patients on hemodialysis","volume":"9","author":"Jahn","year":"2021","journal-title":"Vaccines (Basel)"},{"key":"2021110611401447200_hcab171-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfab155","article-title":"Antibody response to mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine among dialysis patients - a prospective cohort study","author":"Agur","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2021110611401447200_hcab171-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1492","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2021.04.008","article-title":"Seroprevalence of antibody to S1 spike protein following vaccination against COVID-19 in patients receiving hemodialysis: a call to arms","volume":"99","author":"Billany","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2021110611401447200_hcab171-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfab165","article-title":"Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine in a hemodialysis cohort","author":"Frantzen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2021110611401447200_hcab171-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfab179","article-title":"Haemodialysis patients show a highly diminished antibody response after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination compared to healthy controls","author":"Simon","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2021110611401447200_hcab171-B7","first-page":"1","article-title":"Immunogenicity of a first dose of mRNA- or vector-based SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in dialysis patients: a multicenter prospective observational pilot study","author":"Lesny","year":"2021","journal-title":"J Nephrol"},{"key":"2021110611401447200_hcab171-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfab193","article-title":"High immunogenicity of a messenger RNA based vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in chronic dialysis patients","author":"Longlune","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nephrol Dial Transplant"},{"key":"2021110611401447200_hcab171-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1490","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2021.04.009","article-title":"Antibody response to the BNT162b2 vaccine in maintenance hemodialysis patients","volume":"99","author":"Attias","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int"},{"key":"2021110611401447200_hcab171-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1496","DOI":"10.1016\/j.kint.2021.04.006","article-title":"Experience with SARS-CoV-2 BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine in dialysis patients","volume":"99","author":"Yanay","year":"2021","journal-title":"Kidney Int"}],"container-title":["QJM: An International Journal of Medicine"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"http:\/\/academic.oup.com\/qjmed\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/qjmed\/hcab171\/38865651\/hcab171.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/qjmed\/article-pdf\/114\/7\/440\/41098378\/hcab171.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/qjmed\/article-pdf\/114\/7\/440\/41098378\/hcab171.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,6]],"date-time":"2021-11-06T11:40:45Z","timestamp":1636198845000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/qjmed\/article\/114\/7\/440\/6303619"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]]},"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,5]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/qjmed\/hcab171","relation":{},"ISSN":["1460-2725","1460-2393"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1460-2725","type":"print"},{"value":"1460-2393","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,17]]}}}