{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T15:51:04Z","timestamp":1776354664582,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,23]],"date-time":"2022-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645574400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,20]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE) is one of the most common infectious causes of sporadic encephalitis. Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been associated with immune dysregulation of the host that might increase the risk of infections like HSVE following SARS-CoV-2 infection. There is paucity of literature on post COVID-19 HSVE. This study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the clinical presentation, brain imaging, and outcome of patients presenting with HSVE within 6 weeks of COVID-19 and providing a comprehensive review on the possible mechanisms of post-COVID-19 HSVE.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>This observational study included patients who had laboratory-confirmed HSVE (type 1 or type 2) and a history of COVID-19 within the previous 6 weeks. Patients were followed up for 3\u2009months.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Eight patients were included and all of them had type 1 HSVE. The mean latency of onset of neurological symptoms from being diagnosed with COVID-19 is 23.87\u2009days and a majority of the patients have received injectable steroids with a mean duration of 6.5\u2009days. Behavioral abnormality was the commonest neurological presentation and typical brain imaging involved T2 FLAIR hyperintensities of the medial temporal lobes. All patients received intravenous acyclovir 10\u2009mg\/kg every eight hourly for atleast 14\u2009days. One patient with concomitant rhinocerebral mucormycosis succumbed while the majority had a complete recovery.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Possible immune dysregulation in COVID-19 may increase the susceptibility of HSVE in patients with a history of recent SARS-CoV-2 infection. The clinical manifestations and laboratory findings of HSVE in such patients are similar to typical HSVE.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcac060","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,22]],"date-time":"2022-02-22T12:21:58Z","timestamp":1645532518000},"page":"222-227","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Post-COVID-19 HSV encephalitis: a review"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"115","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Annex-1, 52\/1a Shambhunath Pandit Street, Kolkata 700025, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Dutta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Annex-1, 52\/1a Shambhunath Pandit Street, Kolkata 700025, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1691-6289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"U","family":"Chakraborty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Annex-1, 52\/1a Shambhunath Pandit Street, Kolkata 700025, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, G.S Neuroscience Clinic and Research Center, 3\/214, Boring Rd, New Patliputra Colony, Patliputra Colony, Patna, Bihar 800013, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Department of Neurology, Bangur Institute of Neurosciences, Institute of Post Graduate Medical 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