{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T05:52:42Z","timestamp":1793857962964,"version":"4.6.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,28]],"date-time":"2024-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/pages\/standard-publication-reuse-rights"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Giant cell arteritis (GCA) is one of the most common large vessel (LVV) vasculitis and is associated with a high risk of relapse and cardiovascular complications. Improving risk stratification remains a significant issue in this patient population. We aimed to perform a cluster analysis among GCA to identify clusters and evaluate their prognostic value.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>In a multicenter cohort study, we performed hierarchical cluster analysis on the factor analysis of mixed data coordinates results with 283 GCA patients\u2019 characteristics to generate clusters and assess incidence of relapse, cardiovascular events and death.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Three clusters were identified: \u2018Vascular relapsing profile\u2019 (23.0%), \u2018Typical GCA profile\u2019 (47.7%) and \u2018Ophthalmologic elderly profile\u2019 (29.3%). The \u2018Vascular relapsing profile\u2019 cluster included younger patients with more frequent relapses and cardiovascular events, particularly thoracic aortic aneurysms. The \u2018Typical GCA profile\u2019 was the largest, with classic cranial manifestations and frequently associated polymyalgia rheumatica. The \u2018Ophthalmologic elderly profile\u2019 had the oldest patients with more visual loss and the highest mortality rate.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Our findings underline the varied prognostic landscape within GCA, emphasizing the poor cardiovascular prognosis of younger patients with LV involvement and the higher mortality among elderly patients. This reinforces the need for further research regarding the screening of aortic abnormalities and whether those patients might benefit from intensive treatment with biotherapy and cardiovascular risk factors management.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcae105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,25]],"date-time":"2024-05-25T21:17:24Z","timestamp":1716671844000},"page":"769-776","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Identifying giant cell arteritis patients with higher risk of relapse and vascular events: a cluster analysis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"117","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4571-6219","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"A F","family":"Gu\u00e9don","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Nantes, Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, l\u2019institut du thorax, INSERM UMR1087\/CNRS UMR 6291, Team III Vascular & Pulmonary Diseases, Nantes Universit\u00e9 , Nantes,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"C","family":"Froger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Nantes, Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, l\u2019institut du thorax, INSERM UMR1087\/CNRS UMR 6291, Team III Vascular & Pulmonary Diseases, Nantes Universit\u00e9 , Nantes,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1156-0607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C","family":"Agard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Nantes, Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, l\u2019institut du thorax, INSERM UMR1087\/CNRS UMR 6291, Team III Vascular & Pulmonary Diseases, Nantes Universit\u00e9 , Nantes,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"B\u00e9nichou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Nantes, Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, l\u2019institut du thorax, INSERM UMR1087\/CNRS UMR 6291, Team III Vascular & Pulmonary Diseases, Nantes Universit\u00e9 , Nantes,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Le Jeune","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, APHP Avicenne , Bobigny,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A","family":"Mekinian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Service de m\u00e9decine interne, AP-HP, H\u00f4pital Saint Antoine, Sorbonne Universit\u00e9 , Paris,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M","family":"Morard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Nantes, Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, l\u2019institut du thorax, INSERM UMR1087\/CNRS UMR 6291, Team III Vascular & Pulmonary Diseases, Nantes Universit\u00e9 , Nantes,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Y","family":"Skaff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Nantes, Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, l\u2019institut du thorax, INSERM UMR1087\/CNRS UMR 6291, Team III Vascular & Pulmonary Diseases, Nantes Universit\u00e9 , Nantes,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9083-8365","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H","family":"De Boysson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, CHU , Caen,","place":["France"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O","family":"Espitia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CHU Nantes, Department of Internal and Vascular Medicine, l\u2019institut du thorax, INSERM UMR1087\/CNRS UMR 6291, Team III Vascular & Pulmonary Diseases, Nantes Universit\u00e9 , 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