{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T11:40:47Z","timestamp":1792755647690,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"am","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100024171","name":"UK Kidney Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100024171","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Traditionally cardiovascular death has been the major cause of death for kidney dialysis patients.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Aim<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>To investigate trends in mortality over the past 15\u2009years using UK Renal Registry (UKRR) data and the impact of age, sex, ethnicity and social deprivation.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Incidence rates of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, mortality from infection and from dialysis withdrawal at 1\u2009year after starting dialysis were calculated for incident patients. Comparisons by sex, deprivation-quintile and ethnicity used age-standardization to account for the change in the age profile over time.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>All-cause mortality in haemodialysis patients within 1\u2009year of starting reduced from 212\/1000 patient years (py) in 2008 to 154 per 1000 py in 2022; although lower for peritoneal dialysis there was no improvement (67\/1000 py to 82\/1000 py). This decrease in mortality was greatest for older dialysis starters with no major changes in younger age-groups. There was no evidence of a difference in trends of all-cause or cardiovascular mortality by sex, ethnicity or deprivation quintiles. There was no improvement in infection associated mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mortality for haemodialysis starters in England and Wales has declined over time, predominantly due to a reduction in cardiovascular mortality, with older people having the greatest reduction. However, sex, ethnicity, and social deprivation were not observed to affect mortality trends. Although mortality was lower, there was no comparable improvement in survival for peritoneal dialysis starters. Although cardiovascular mortality declined, as there was no change in infection associated mortality, greater attention is now required to reduce infection associated deaths.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcag181","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T15:25:18Z","timestamp":1783351518000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Trends in mortality of people on dialysis in England and Wales over the last 15 years"],"prefix":"10.1093","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4467-6833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Davenport","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCL Centre for Kidney & Bladder Health, Royal Free Hospital, University College London , London,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Retha","family":"Steenkamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK Kidney Association Renal Registry , Bristol,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5767-248X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dorothea","family":"Nitsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UK Kidney Association Renal Registry , Bristol,","place":["UK"]},{"name":"Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine , London,","place":["UK"]}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026072112313590700_hcag181-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1038\/s41581-024-00820-6","article-title":"Chronic kidney disease and the global public health agenda: an international consensus","volume":"20","author":"Francis","year":"2024","journal-title":"Nat Rev 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