{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T00:11:39Z","timestamp":1793059899825,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"2","content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,2,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Aim: This study aimed to identify the clinical, radiological and prognostic features of primary adrenal lymphoma (PAL) in order to diagnose the disease more accurately.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Materials and methods: A retrospective multi-centre study was conducted on the clinical, biological and radiological features as well as the treatment and overall survival outcomes in PAL.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Results: Between 1994 and 2014, 28 patients from five regions of eastern France were diagnosed with primary adrenal lymphoma. The revealing symptoms were a worsening general state (77%), weight loss (77%) and abdominal pain (42%). Biological features of PAL were almost omnipresent: increased LDH, \u03b22 microglobulin, CRP or ferritinaemia levels. The PAL was bilateral in 20 cases (71%), adrenal insufficiency was searched for in 11 patients and found in eight (73%). CT scans showed masses of various sizes measuring up to 180\u2009mm. On MRI, the lesions were hypointense in T1 and hyperintense in T2. When done, positron emission tomography with fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG-PET) showed locations not seen on the CT and revealed extra-adrenal locations in 70% of examinations. Adrenalectomy brought no benefit. The overall survival rate was poor (61.9% at 2 years) despite polychemotherapy.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Conclusion: The clinical presentation of PAL comprised major general symptoms. Adrenal insufficiency was very common in patients with bilateral involvement but was not systematically tested. PET was an efficient examination to visualize extra-adrenal locations. The preliminary results of MRI to distinguish between PAL and adrenocortical carcinoma should be confirmed. Further studies are needed to establish an optimal strategy for the management of these primary adrenal lymphomas.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1093\/qjmed\/hcw174","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,11]],"date-time":"2016-10-11T10:19:40Z","timestamp":1476181180000},"page":"103-109","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Adrenal lymphoma: presentation, management and prognosis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"110","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"Laurent","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the 1Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"O.","family":"Casasnovas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3Department of Pathology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Chauchet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"4Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Besancon, Besancon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H.","family":"Ghesquieres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Department of Hematology, Centre Leon Berard, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G.","family":"Aussedat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"5Department of Hematology, Centre Leon Berard, University Hospital of Lyon, Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"L.M.","family":"Fornecker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"6Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Bologna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"7Department of Hematology, University Hospital of Nancy, Nancy, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Borot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"8Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Besancon, Besancon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Laurent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"9University of Science and Technology of Nancy, Nancy, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Bouillet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the 1Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Verges","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the 1Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.-M.","family":"Petit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"From the 1Department of Endocrinology, University Hospital of Dijon, Dijon, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026071306154096700_hcw174-B1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1002\/1097-0142(197201)29:1<252::AID-CNCR2820290138>3.0.CO;2-#","article-title":"Occurrence and prognosis of extranodal lymphomas","volume":"29","author":"Freeman","year":"1972","journal-title":"Cancer"},{"key":"2026071306154096700_hcw174-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"508","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.76.898.508","article-title":"Bilateral adrenal non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphoma with adrenal insufficiency","volume":"76","author":"Ellis","year":"2000","journal-title":"Postgrad Med J"},{"key":"2026071306154096700_hcw174-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5019","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2011-01-293050","article-title":"The 2008 WHO classification of lymphoid neoplasms and beyond: evolving concepts and practical applications","volume":"117","author":"Campo","year":"2011","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"2026071306154096700_hcw174-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1244.","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.1999.17.4.1244","article-title":"Report of an international workshop to standardize response criteria for non-Hodgkin\u2019s lymphomas. 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