{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T19:25:05Z","timestamp":1790623505682,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1662336000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":247,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim was to determine outcomes in RA with long-term analysis of a real-world inception cohort.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>We carried out a retrospective cohort analysis of 184 patients with a new diagnosis of RA (ACR\/EULAR 2010 criteria) between 2009 and 2013. Measured parameters included patient demographics, serological markers, disease activity (DAS28-CRP), treatment regimen, development of new co-morbidities and all-cause mortality.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Complete data were available for analysis in 171 patients, 60 men and 111 women, with a median age of 57\u2009years and median follow-up time of 7.5\u2009years. DAS-28 remission was achieved in 73%, with the majority continuing to require pharmacological therapy. Drug-free remission was achieved in 11.7%, whereas 3.5% remained refractory to treatment. Analysis of new co-morbidities revealed malignancy in 12.9% (n\u2009=\u200922), with lung cancer having the highest incidence (n\u2009=\u20099). Cardiovascular, pulmonary and cerebrovascular disease developed in 11.1% (n\u2009=\u200919), 5.8% (n\u2009=\u200910) and 5.3% (n\u2009=\u20099), respectively. The crude mortality rate was 19.3% (33 of 171), incidence mortality rate 174 per 10\u200a000 person-years of follow-up and standardized mortality ratio 1.57 (95% CI 1.10, 2.17). More deaths were recorded from underlying malignancy [7.6% (n\u2009=\u200913)] than with cardiovascular disease [4.7% (n\u2009=\u20098)]. The majority of deaths occurred \u22655\u2009years after initial diagnosis (67%).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Long-term analysis reveals that mortality in RA remains significantly elevated compared with the general population. Additionally, this real-world study underlines malignancy as the predominant cause of morbidity and mortality in RA.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/rap\/rkac075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]],"date-time":"2022-09-05T13:18:02Z","timestamp":1662383882000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Long-term outcomes in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Review of data from the \u2018Basildon Inflammatory Arthritis Cohort\u2019"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"6","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4077-7581","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kanishk","family":"Jain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Mid & South Essex Foundation Trust, Basildon University Hospital , Basildon, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Deena","family":"Laila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Mid & South Essex Foundation Trust, Basildon University Hospital , Basildon, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anupama","family":"Nandagudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Mid & South Essex Foundation Trust, Basildon University Hospital , Basildon, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anurag","family":"Bharadwaj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rheumatology, Mid & South Essex Foundation Trust, Basildon University Hospital , Basildon, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"2022092719384366900_rkac075-B1","first-page":"2167","article-title":"Cardiovascular disease and risk factors in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, and ankylosing spondylitis","volume":"33","author":"Han","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Rheumatol"},{"key":"2022092719384366900_rkac075-B2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/ken159","article-title":"Hypertension in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"47","author":"Panoulas","year":"2008","journal-title":"Rheumatology"},{"key":"2022092719384366900_rkac075-B3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10","DOI":"10.1186\/s41927-018-0014-y","article-title":"Cardiovascular co-morbidity in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: a narrative review of risk factors, cardiovascular risk assessment and treatment","volume":"2","author":"Jagpal","year":"2018","journal-title":"BMC Rheumatol"},{"key":"2022092719384366900_rkac075-B4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.4172\/2167-7921.1000178","article-title":"The risk for cardiovascular events associated with hyperlipdemia among patients with and without rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"4","author":"Nadkarni","year":"2015","journal-title":"J Arthritis"},{"key":"2022092719384366900_rkac075-B5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"183","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2017.02.006","article-title":"Immunopathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"46","author":"Firestein","year":"2017","journal-title":"Immunity"},{"key":"2022092719384366900_rkac075-B6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1136\/annrheumdis-2013-204223","article-title":"Prevalence of comorbidities in rheumatoid arthritis and evaluation of their monitoring: results of an international, cross-sectional study (COMORA)","volume":"73","author":"Dougados","year":"2014","journal-title":"Ann Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2022092719384366900_rkac075-B7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjmed.2008.06.011","article-title":"Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in rheumatoid arthritis","volume":"121","author":"Gabriel","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am J Med"},{"key":"2022092719384366900_rkac075-B8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"33","DOI":"10.1186\/s13075-016-0928-y","article-title":"Co-morbidity in patients with early rheumatoid arthritis - inflammation matters","volume":"18","author":"Innala","year":"2016","journal-title":"Arthritis Res Ther"},{"key":"2022092719384366900_rkac075-B9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2012.02.005","article-title":"Mortality in rheumatoid arthritis over the last fifty years: systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"80","author":"Dadoun","year":"2013","journal-title":"Joint Bone Spine"},{"key":"2022092719384366900_rkac075-B10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1093\/rheumatology\/key013","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis and excess mortality: down but not out. 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