{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,10]],"date-time":"2026-05-10T07:19:11Z","timestamp":1778397551533,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675987200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":42,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000069","name":"National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54 AR057319"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54 AR057319"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000069","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vitamin D might participate in the pathogenesis of several immune-mediated diseases, but few related data are available for ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV). In this study, we analysed the association between vitamin D status and disease in patients with AAV.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Serum levels of 25(OH)D2\/3 were measured in 125 randomly selected patients with AAV [granulomatosis with polyangiitis (n\u2009=\u200950), eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (n\u2009=\u200950) or microscopic polyangiitis (n\u2009=\u200925)] enrolled in the Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium Longitudinal Studies at the time of enrolment and a subsequent relapse visit. Sufficient, insufficient and deficient vitamin D status were defined as 25(OH)D3 levels &amp;gt;30, 20\u201330 and \u02c220 ng\/ml, respectively.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Seventy of 125 patients (56%) were female, with a mean age of 51.5 (16)\u2009years at diagnosis; 84 (67%) were ANCA positive. Mean 25(OH)D was 37.6 (16)\u2009ng\/ml, with vitamin D deficiency in 13 (10.4%) and insufficiency in 26 (20.8%). In univariate analysis, lower vitamin D status was associated with male sex (P\u2009=\u20090.027) and disease activity (P\u2009=\u20090.047). In univariate and multivariate analyses, deficient vitamin D status was associated with disease activity (P\u2009=\u20090.015). Mean 25(OH)D status in the 21 patients with a subsequent relapse did not differ between baseline and relapse visit [37.8 (16) vs 38.0 (10)\u2009ng\/ml, respectively; P\u2009=\u20090.92].<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Most patients with AAV have sufficient 25(OH)D levels, although those with lower vitamin D status were more likely to be male and to have active disease. Whether optimization of vitamin D status alters disease manifestations or activity in AAV remains to be determined.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial Registration<\/jats:title><jats:p>Vasculitis Clinical Research Consortium (VCRC) Longitudinal Study (LS), NCT00315380, https:\/\/clinicaltrials.gov\/ct2\/show\/NCT00315380<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/rap\/rkad021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]],"date-time":"2023-02-10T15:37:06Z","timestamp":1676043426000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Vitamin D status in ANCA-associated vasculitis"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9629-8053","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irena","family":"Doubelt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Vasculitis Clinic, Mount Sinai Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Cuthbertson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Informatics Institute, University of South Florida , Tampa, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Carette","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vasculitis Clinic, Mount Sinai Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nader A","family":"Khalidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, McMaster University and St. Joseph\u2019s Healthcare , Hamilton, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Curry L","family":"Koening","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, University of Utah Hospital , Salt Lake City, UT, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"Langford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Cleveland Clinic , Cleveland, OH, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol A","family":"McAlear","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Larry W","family":"Moreland","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, University of Pittsburgh , Pittsburgh, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Monach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, VA Boston Healthcare System , Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philip","family":"Seo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ulrich","family":"Specks","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science , Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7708-2487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenneth J","family":"Warrington","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science , Rochester, MN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter A","family":"Merkel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6287-9549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Pagnoux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vasculitis Clinic, Mount Sinai Hospital, Department of Rheumatology, University of Toronto , Toronto, ON, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2017.11.004","article-title":"Vitamin D and systemic lupus erythematosus - the hype and the hope","volume":"17","author":"Shoenfeld","year":"2018","journal-title":"Autoimmun Rev"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e983401","DOI":"10.4161\/19381980.2014.983401","article-title":"Vitamin D and inflammation","volume":"6","author":"Cannell","year":"2014","journal-title":"Dermatoendocrinol"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.4103\/jnsbm.JNSBM_128_17","article-title":"Assessment of vitamin D in rheumatoid arthritis and its correlation with disease activity","volume":"9","author":"Meena","year":"2018","journal-title":"J Nat Sci Biol Med"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"316","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2014.08.040","article-title":"Vitamin D in ankylosing spondylitis: review and meta-analysis","volume":"438","author":"Cai","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin Chim Acta"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3119","DOI":"10.2147\/DDDT.S144860","article-title":"Vitamin D levels in systemic sclerosis patients: a meta-analysis","volume":"11","author":"An","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Des Devel Ther"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.14715\/cmb\/2018.64.1.2","article-title":"Association between Vitamin D level and\/or deficiency, and systemic lupus erythematosus: a meta-analysis","volume":"64","author":"Bae","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand)"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2217","DOI":"10.1111\/1756-185X.13108","article-title":"The association between vitamin D level and Behcet\u2019s disease: a meta-analysis","volume":"20","author":"Pitukweerakul","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int J Rheum Dis"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"529","DOI":"10.1002\/jcla.21898","article-title":"Vitamin D levels in Takayasu's arteritis and a review of the literature on vasculitides","volume":"30","author":"Alibaz-Oner","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Clin Lab Anal"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","article-title":"Vitamin D levels in patients with small and medium vessel vasculitis","author":"Korkmaz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Reumatol Clin (Engl Ed)"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/art.37715","article-title":"2012 revised International Chapel Hill Consensus conference nomenclature of vasculitides","volume":"65","author":"Jennette","year":"2013","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1007\/s00393-020-00949-2","article-title":"Serum vitamin D level correlates with disease activity and health-related quality of life in antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis","volume":"81","author":"Yoon","year":"2022","journal-title":"Z Rheumatol"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1002\/art.1780330806","article-title":"The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of Churg-Strauss syndrome (allergic granulomatosis and angiitis)","volume":"33","author":"Masi","year":"1990","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheum"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra070553","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency","volume":"357","author":"Holick","year":"2007","journal-title":"N Engl J Med"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","first-page":"574","article-title":"High frequency of vitamin D insufficiency in polymyalgia rheumatica and giant cell arteritis: preliminary results","volume":"25","author":"Carvalho","year":"2021","journal-title":"Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"150","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/nqz037","article-title":"Vitamin D status in the United States, 2011\u20132014","volume":"110","author":"Herrick","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","author":"Janz","year":"2013"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1214","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2008-1784","article-title":"Vitamin D deficiency in older men","volume":"94","author":"Orwoll","year":"2009","journal-title":"J Clin Endocrinol Metab"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1024\/0300-9831\/a000542","article-title":"Relationship between vitamin D level and Bechcet's disease activity: a systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"90","author":"Khabbazi","year":"2020","journal-title":"Int J Vitam Nutr Res"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8127","DOI":"10.3390\/nu7095383","article-title":"Regulation of dendritic cell function by vitamin D","volume":"7","author":"Barragan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutrients"},{"key":"2023030119490136000_","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1417","DOI":"10.1002\/art.24790","article-title":"Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides: could geographic patterns be explained by ambient ultraviolet radiation?","volume":"61","author":"Gatenby","year":"2009","journal-title":"Arthritis Rheumatism"}],"container-title":["Rheumatology Advances in Practice"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rheumap\/advance-article-pdf\/doi\/10.1093\/rap\/rkad021\/49156385\/rkad021.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"am","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rheumap\/article-pdf\/7\/1\/rkad021\/49377178\/rkad021.pdf","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rheumap\/article-pdf\/7\/1\/rkad021\/49377178\/rkad021.pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,24]],"date-time":"2023-03-24T21:41:28Z","timestamp":1679694088000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/rheumap\/article\/doi\/10.1093\/rap\/rkad021\/7034111"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]]}},"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/rap\/rkad021","relation":{},"ISSN":["2514-1775"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2514-1775","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published-other":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,1]]},"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,12,30]]},"article-number":"rkad021"}}