{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T17:31:56Z","timestamp":1776274316532,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1692316800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":229,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,26]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>The aim was to explore the inter-reliability of a newly developed US scanning protocol (multimodal US) for the assessment of different aspects of sarcopenia-related muscle involvement, including muscle mass, muscle quality and muscle stiffness [using point shear-wave elastography (SWE)], in patients with rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMDs).<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Quadriceps muscle mass (i.e. muscle thickness), muscle quality (i.e. muscle echogenicity evaluated with both a visual semi-quantitative scale and a dedicated software package for image analysis, ImageJ) and point SWE measurements were obtained by two rheumatologists (blinded to each other\u2019s evaluation) in consecutive RMD patients without previous\/current myositis or neuromuscular disorders.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Inter-reliability was assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for continuous variables and Cohen\u2019s kappa (\u03ba) for categorical variables.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>A total of 45 RMD patients were enrolled [mean age 54.5 (16.0)\u2009years, male-to-female ratio 1:1.5, mean BMI 24.6 (4.6)\u2009kg\/m2], 10 with PsA, 7 RA, 5 AS, 5 PMR, 4 SLE, 4 gout, 4 OA, 3 FM and 3 SSc. The grade of inter-rater reliability was excellent for muscle mass [ICC\u2009=\u20090.969 (0.953\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009ICC\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.979)]. Regarding muscle echogenicity, the agreement was substantial\/almost perfect using the visual semi-quantitative scale (weighted linear\u2009=\u20090.793, weighted squared\u2009=\u20090.878) and excellent using ImageJ analysis [ICC\u2009=\u20090.916 (0.876\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009ICC\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.944)]. Finally, a good agreement was obtained for point SWE measurements [ICC\u2009=\u20090.76 (0.712\u2009&amp;lt;\u2009ICC\u2009&amp;lt;\u20090.8)].<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>\n               <jats:sec>\n                  <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>Multimodal US is a novel and reliable tool for the evaluation of different aspects of muscle involvement (muscle mass, muscle quality and muscle stiffness) in RMD patients.<\/jats:p>\n               <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1093\/rap\/rkad072","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,18]],"date-time":"2023-08-18T16:47:42Z","timestamp":1692377262000},"source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Multimodal ultrasound muscle assessment in patients with rheumatic diseases: a patient-based reliability study"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"7","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3972-4458","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gianluca","family":"Smerilli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, \u2018Carlo Urbani\u2019 Hospital , Jesi, Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erica","family":"Moscioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, \u2018Carlo Urbani\u2019 Hospital , Jesi, Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Roberta","family":"Sclocco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Harvard Medical School , Boston, MA, 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Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9815-2621","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sonia","family":"Farah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, \u2018Carlo Urbani\u2019 Hospital , Jesi, Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5169-3511","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rossella","family":"De Angelis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, \u2018Carlo Urbani\u2019 Hospital , Jesi, Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3794-6831","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fausto","family":"Salaffi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, \u2018Carlo Urbani\u2019 Hospital , Jesi, Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walter","family":"Grassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, \u2018Carlo Urbani\u2019 Hospital , Jesi, Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7251-7784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilio","family":"Filippucci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rheumatology Unit, Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences, Polytechnic University of Marche, \u2018Carlo Urbani\u2019 Hospital , Jesi, Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0867-7051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Di 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